网络编程（java）

1、可靠通信

TCP：Transmission Control Protocol传输控制协议

2、不可靠通信

UDP：User Datagram Protocol用户数据报协议

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(10000);

while(true) {

Socket client = serverSocket.accept();

InputStream in = client.getInputStream();

byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];

while(in.read(bytes) != -1 ) {

System.out.println(new String(bytes, "utf-8"));

}

}

}

编写服务器端socket

检查端口是否已监听：netstat -ano | findstr 10000
服务器实例化一个ServerSocket对象，就会监听这个端口，状态是LISTENING

3、客户端建立连接和服务端建立连接的关系（服务端端口10000  客户端端口50912）

（1）通过端口建立连接

建立连接

TCP 127.0.0.1:10000 127.0.0.1:50912 ESTABLISHED 6304

TCP 127.0.0.1:50912 127.0.0.1:10000 ESTABLISHED 6504

（2）通过端口加ip方式建立连接

服务器端的TCP连接

TCP 192.168.1.87:10000 192.168.1.23:63249 ESTABLISHED 392

客户端的TCP连接

TCP 192.168.1.23:63249 192.168.1.87:10000 ESTABLISHED 5608

4、客户端建立连接和服务端断开连接的关系

（1）客户端关闭输出流

服务器端TCP连接处于CLOSE_WAIT状态，客户端TCP连接进入FIN_WAIT_2状态

TCP 127.0.0.1:10000 127.0.0.1:50912 CLOSE_WAIT 6304

TCP 127.0.0.1:50912 127.0.0.1:10000 FIN_WAIT_2 6504

（2）服务器关闭输入流

服务器端TCP连接关闭，只剩下客户端TCP连接处于TIME_WAIT状态

TCP 127.0.0.1:51519 127.0.0.1:10000 TIME_WAIT 0

5、网络编程相关资源

https://www.toutiao.com/a6416949773957660930/?tt_from=android_share&utm_campaign=client_share&timestamp=1532904633&app=news_article&iid=39063317945&utm_medium=toutiao_android

https://www.toutiao.com/a6518225380413800967/?tt_from=android_share&utm_campaign=client_share&timestamp=1532904801&app=news_article&iid=39063317945&utm_medium=toutiao_android

https://www.toutiao.com/a6487080413918396942/?tt_from=android_share&utm_campaign=client_share&timestamp=1532905563&app=news_article&iid=39063317945&utm_medium=toutiao_android

https://www.zhihu.com/question/30626103

https://blog.csdn.net/ma929226676/article/details/50970524

https://blog.csdn.net/BG_DATA/article/details/43668985

6、多线程 如：服务器端需要同时处理多个客户端连接

使用多线程，每个客户端请求过来会启动新线程

// 接受了客户端连接，启动新线程接收数据

Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

InputStream in = null;

try {

in = socket.getInputStream();

byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];

while (in.read(bytes) != -1) {

System.out.println(new String(bytes, "utf-8"));

}

} catch(Exception ex) {

ex.printStackTrace();

} finally {

if(in != null) {

try {

in.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

});

thread.start();

7、使用线程池管理多个线程

private static Executor THREAD_POOL = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(50);

THREAD_POOL.execute(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

InputStream in = null;

try {

in = socket.getInputStream();

byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];

while (in.read(bytes) != -1) {

System.out.println(new String(bytes, "utf-8"));

}

} catch(Exception ex) {

ex.printStackTrace();

} finally {

if(in != null) {

try {

in.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

});