IO字符流

通过码表读取字符
中文的第一个字节都是负数，可以通过这点进行判断。

FileReader fr = new FileReader("1.txt");
int c;
while((c=fr.read())!=-1) {
	System.out.println((char)c);
}
fr.close();

IO字符流进行copy

FileReader fr = new FileReader("1.txt");
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("2.txt");
int c;
while((c=fr.read())!=-1) {
	fw.write(c);
}
fr.close();
fw.close();

//字符流只能copy纯文本。
//因为在读的时候会将字节转换成字符，在转换过程中，可能找不到对应的字符，就会用？代替，写出的时候会将字符转换成字节输出。如果是？，直接写出，这样写出之后的文件就乱了，看不了了。

字符流数组copy文件

FileReader fr = new FileReader("1.txt");
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("33.txt");
char[] arr=new char[1024];
int len;
while((len=fr.read(arr))!=-1) {
	fw.write(arr,0,len);
}
fr.close();
fw.close();

利用缓冲区进行copy，BufferedReader 和BufferedWriter 。

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("1.txt"));
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("66.txt"));
int b;
while((b=br.read())!=-1) {
	bw.write(b);
}
br.close();
bw.close();

BufferedReader的**readLine()方法，每次读一行。
BufferedWriter的newLine()**方法，换行。

BufferedReader fr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("1.txt"));
BufferedWriter fw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("45.txt"));
String line;
while((line=fr.readLine())!=null) {
//			newLine()与\r\n的区别：
//			newLine()是快平台的方法
//			\r\n只支持的是window的系统
	fw.write(line);
//	fw.write("\r\n");
	fw.newLine();
}
fr.close();
fw.close();

实现文件反转：

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("1.txt"));
ArrayList<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
String line;
while((line=br.readLine())!=null) {
	list.add(line);
}
br.close();
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("78.txt"));
for(int i=list.size()-1;i>0;i--) {
	bw.write(list.get(i));
	bw.newLine();
}		
bw.close();

LineNumberReader 设置行数，和设置起始行数。

LineNumberReader lnr = new LineNumberReader(new FileReader("1.txt"));
String line;
lnr.setLineNumber(100);
while((line=lnr.readLine())!=null) {
	System.out.println(lnr.getLineNumber());
}
lnr.close();

装饰设计模式的简单演示：
//装饰设计模式的好处：
//耦合性不强，被装饰类的变化与装饰类的变化无关。

dashen da = new dashen(new Student());
da.code();

interface Coder{
	public void code();
}
class Student implements Coder{

	@Override
	public void code() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("123");
		System.out.println("456");
	}
	
}
class dashen implements Coder{
	private Student s;
	public dashen(Student s) {
		this.s=s;
	}
	@Override
	public void code() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		s.code();
		System.out.println("789");
		System.out.println("000");
	}
}

使用指定的编码表进行读写

InputStreamReader  isr= new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("utf_8.txt"),"utf-8");
OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("gbk.txt"),"UTF-16");
int c;
while((c=isr.read())!=-1) {
	osw.write(c);
}
isr.close();
osw.close();

进阶版

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("utf_8.txt"),"utf-8"));
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("gbk.txt"),"gbk"));
int c;
while((c=br.read())!=-1) {
	bw.write(c);
}
br.close();
bw.close();

获取文本上字符出现的个数

BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new FileReader("1.txt"));
		TreeMap<Character, Integer> tm = new TreeMap<>();
		int c;
		while((c=br.read())!=-1) {
			char ch=(char)c;
			/*
			 * if(!tm.containsKey(ch)) { tm.put(ch, 1); }else { tm.put(ch, tm.get(ch)+1); }
			 */
			tm.put(ch, !tm.containsKey(ch)?1:tm.get(ch)+1);
		}
		br.close();
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("2.txt"));
		for (Character key : tm.keySet()) {
			switch (key) {
			case '\t':
				bw.write("\\t"+":"+tm.get(key));
				break;
			case '\n':
				bw.write("\\n"+":"+tm.get(key));
				break;
			case '\r':
				bw.write("\\r"+":"+tm.get(key));
				break;
			default:
				bw.write(key+":"+tm.get(key));
				break;
			}
			bw.newLine();
		}
		bw.close();

试用版软件的案例

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("config.txt"));
		
		String line = br.readLine();
		int times=Integer.parseInt(line);
		if(times>0) {
			System.out.println(times--);
		}else {
			System.out.println("000");
		}
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("config.txt");
		fw.write(times+"");
		br.close();
		fw.close();