Pytorch Quick Tip: Using a Learning Rate Scheduler

学习率策略

如何使用简单的学习率调度程序的示例代码，在这种情况下，使用学习率调度程序在 MNIST 数据集上进行（非常）小而简单的前馈网络训练。
在这种情况下，使用 ReduceLROnPlateau 调度程序，但可以轻松更改为任何其他可用的调度程序。

# Imports
import torch
import torch.nn as nn  # All neural network modules, nn.Linear, nn.Conv2d, BatchNorm, Loss functions
import torch.optim as optim  # For all Optimization algorithms, SGD, Adam, etc.
from torch.utils.data import (
    DataLoader,
)  # Gives easier dataset managment and creates mini batches
import torchvision.datasets as datasets  # Has standard datasets we can import in a nice way
import torchvision.transforms as transforms  # Transformations we can perform on our dataset

# Set device
device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

# Hyperparameters
num_classes = 10
learning_rate = 0.1
batch_size = 128
num_epochs = 100

# Define a very simple model
model = nn.Sequential(nn.Linear(784, 50), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(50, 10)).to(device)

# Load Data
train_dataset = datasets.MNIST(
    root="dataset/", train=True, transform=transforms.ToTensor(), download=True
)
train_loader = DataLoader(dataset=train_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True)

# Loss and optimizer
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=learning_rate)

定义 schedule

# Define Scheduler
scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.ReduceLROnPlateau(
    optimizer, factor=0.1, patience=5, verbose=True
)

当指标停止改进时降低学习率。
一旦学习停滞，模型通常会受益于将学习率降低 2-10 倍。
该调度程序读取指标数量，如果在“耐心”数量的 epoch 中没有看到改进，则学习率会降低。

# Train Network
for epoch in range(1, num_epochs):
    losses = []

    for batch_idx, (data, targets) in enumerate(train_loader):
        # Get data to cuda if possible
        data = data.reshape(data.shape[0], -1)
        data = data.to(device=device)
        targets = targets.to(device=device)

        # forward
        scores = model(data)
        loss = criterion(scores, targets)

        losses.append(loss.item())

        # backward
        loss.backward()

        # gradient descent or adam step
        # scheduler.step(loss)
        optimizer.step()
        optimizer.zero_grad()

    mean_loss = sum(losses) / len(losses)

    # After each epoch do scheduler.step, note in this scheduler we need to send
    # in loss for that epoch!
    scheduler.step(mean_loss)
    print(f"Cost at epoch {epoch} is {mean_loss}")

# Check accuracy on training & test to see how good our model
def check_accuracy(loader, model):
    num_correct = 0
    num_samples = 0
    model.eval()

    with torch.no_grad():
        for x, y in loader:
            x = x.to(device=device)
            y = y.to(device=device)

            scores = model(x)
            _, predictions = scores.max(1)
            num_correct += (predictions == y).sum()
            num_samples += predictions.size(0)

        print(
            f"Got {num_correct} / {num_samples} with accuracy {float(num_correct)/float(num_samples)*100:.2f}"
        )

    model.train()


check_accuracy(train_loader, model)