python中的meta初探

Table of Contents

About Meta

To see a bit more about inner of python

type & object & class & instance

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/100003/what-are-metaclasses-in-python

https://www.zhihu.com/question/38791962

instance’s class

print('"hello world".__class__:', 'hello world'.__class__)

"hello world".__class__: <class 'str'>

class’s class and parents

print('str.__class__:', str.__class__)
print('str.__bases__:', str.__bases__)

str.__class__: <class 'type'>
str.__bases__: (<class 'object'>,)

type’s parent

type.__bases__

(object,)

__call__'s role in class and type

class SimpleMeta(type):
    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        print("callable object called()")
        return super().__call__(*args, **kwargs)
    def __new__(cls, clsname, bases, clsdict):
        print('SimpleMeta.__new__')
        return super().__new__(cls, clsname, bases, clsdict)

class Spam(object, metaclass=SimpleMeta):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        print('Spma __new__')
        return super()</