Tantivy使用Rust 开发的全文搜索引擎库

一、概述

Tantivy是一个全文搜索引擎库，灵感来自Apache Lucene，用Rust编写。

如果你正在寻找Elasticsearch或Apache Solr的替代品，请查看我们基于Tantivy构建的分布式搜索引擎Quiuckwit。

Tantivy更接近Apache Lucene，而不是Elasticsearch或Apache Solr，因为它不是现成的搜索引擎服务器，而是一个可用于构建此类搜索引擎的库。

Tantivy的性能非常棒，请看下图：

二、特征

• 全文搜索
• 可配置的标记器（可用于 17种拉丁语言的词干提取），并支持第三方对中文（tantivy-jieba和cang-jie）、日语（lindera、Vaporetto和tantivy-tokenizer-tiny-segmenter）和韩语（lindera+ lindera-ko-dic-builder）的支持
• 快速（查看🐎 ✨基准✨ 🐎）
• 启动时间极短 (<10ms)，非常适合命令行工具
• BM25 评分（与 Lucene 相同）
• 自然查询语言（例如(michael AND jackson) OR “king of pop”）
• 短语查询搜索（例如"michael jackson"）
• 增量索引
• 多线程索引（在我的桌面上索引英文维基百科只需不到 3 分钟）
• Mmap 目录
• 当平台/CPU 包含 SSE2 指令集时，SIMD 整数压缩
• 单值和多值 u64、i64 和 f64 快速字段（相当于 Lucene 中的 doc 值）
• &[u8]快速场
• 文本、i64、u64、f64、日期、ip、bool 和分层方面字段
• 压缩文档存储（LZ4、Zstd、None）
• 范围查询
• 分面搜索
• 可配置索引（可选词频和位置索引）
• JSON 字段
• 聚合收集器：直方图、范围桶、平均值和统计指标
• 带删除的 LogMergePolicy
• 搜索器预热 API
• 带有马的俗气标志

注意：分布式搜索超出了 Tantivy 的范围，但如果您正在寻找此功能，请查看Quickwit。

三、Tanvity的小示例

use tantivy::collector::TopDocs;
use tantivy::query::QueryParser;
use tantivy::schema::*;
use tantivy::{doc, Index, IndexWriter, ReloadPolicy};
use tempfile::TempDir;

fn main() -> tantivy::Result<()> {
 let index_path = TempDir::new()?;
 let mut schema_builder = Schema::builder();
 schema_builder.add_text_field("title", TEXT | STORED);
 schema_builder.add_text_field("body", TEXT);
 let schema = schema_builder.build();
 let index = Index::create_in_dir(&index_path, schema.clone())?;
 let mut index_writer: IndexWriter = index.writer(50_000_000)?;
 let title = schema.get_field("title").unwrap();
    let body = schema.get_field("body").unwrap();

    let mut old_man_doc = TantivyDocument::default();
    old_man_doc.add_text(title, "The Old Man and the Sea");
    old_man_doc.add_text(
        body,
        "He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone \
         eighty-four days now without taking a fish.",
    );
  
   index_writer.add_document(old_man_doc)?;
   index_writer.add_document(doc!(
    title => "Of Mice and Men",
    body => "A few miles south of Soledad, the Salinas River drops in close to the hillside \
            bank and runs deep and green. The water is warm too, for it has slipped twinkling \
            over the yellow sands in the sunlight before reaching the narrow pool. On one \
            side of the river the golden foothill slopes curve up to the strong and rocky \
            Gabilan Mountains, but on the valley side the water is lined with trees—willows \
            fresh and green with every spring, carrying in their lower leaf junctures the \
            debris of the winter’s flooding; and sycamores with mottled, white, recumbent \
            limbs and branches that arch over the pool"
    ))?;
      index_writer.add_document(doc!(
    title => "Frankenstein",
    title => "The Modern Prometheus",
    body => "You will rejoice to hear that no disaster has accompanied the commencement of an \
             enterprise which you have regarded with such evil forebodings.  I arrived here \
             yesterday, and my first task is to assure my dear sister of my welfare and \
             increasing confidence in the success of my undertaking."
    ))?;
     index_writer.commit()?;
         let reader = index
        .reader_builder()
        .reload_policy(ReloadPolicy::OnCommitWithDelay)
        .try_into()?;
     let searcher = reader.searcher();
     let query_parser = QueryParser::for_index(&index, vec![title, body]);
     let query = query_parser.parse_query("sea whale")?;
     let top_docs = searcher.search(&query, &TopDocs::with_limit(10))?;
      for (_score, doc_address) in top_docs {
        let retrieved_doc: TantivyDocument = searcher.doc(doc_address)?;
        println!("{}", retrieved_doc.to_json(&schema));
    }
      let query = query_parser.parse_query("title:sea^20 body:whale^70")?;

    let (_score, doc_address) = searcher
        .search(&query, &TopDocs::with_limit(1))?
        .into_iter()
        .next()
        .unwrap();

    let explanation = query.explain(&searcher, doc_address)?;

    println!("{}", explanation.to_pretty_json());

    Ok(())
}

Github： https://github.com/quickwit-oss/tantivy