LeetCode 1115. 交替打印FooBar
难度中等100
我们提供一个类:
class FooBar { public void foo() { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { print("foo"); } } public void bar() { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { print("bar"); } } }
两个不同的线程将会共用一个 FooBar
实例。其中一个线程将会调用 foo()
方法,另一个线程将会调用 bar()
方法。
请设计修改程序,以确保 "foobar" 被输出 n 次。
示例 1:
输入: n = 1 输出: "foobar" 解释: 这里有两个线程被异步启动。其中一个调用 foo() 方法, 另一个调用 bar() 方法,"foobar" 将被输出一次。
示例 2:
输入: n = 2 输出: "foobarfoobar" 解释: "foobar" 将被输出两次。
1、Semaphore
package Leetcode1115交替打印FooBar;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
public class Semaphore1 {
static class FooBar {
private int n;
public FooBar(int n) {
this.n = n;
}
Semaphore s1 = new Semaphore(1);
Semaphore s2 = new Semaphore(0);
public void foo(Runnable printFoo) throws InterruptedException {
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
// printFoo.run() outputs "foo". Do not change or remove this line.
s1.acquire();//s1 -1
printFoo.run();
s2.release();//s2 +1
}
}
public void bar(Runnable printBar) throws InterruptedException {
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
// printBar.run() outputs "bar". Do not change or remove this line.
s2.acquire();//s2 -1
printBar.run();
s1.release();//s1 +1
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
FooBar fooBar = new FooBar(20);
new Thread(() -> {
try {
fooBar.bar(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.print("bar");
}
});
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
new Thread(() -> {
try {
fooBar.foo(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.print("foo");
}
});
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
}
}
2、Synchronized
package Leetcode1115交替打印FooBar;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class Synchronized1 {
static class FooBar {
private int n;
public FooBar(int n) {
this.n = n;
}
//控制变量
private int flag = 0;
//定义Object对象为锁
private Object lock = new Object();
public void foo(Runnable printFoo) throws InterruptedException {
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
// printFoo.run() outputs "foo". Do not change or remove this line.
synchronized (lock) {
while (flag != 0) {
lock.wait();
}
printFoo.run();
flag = 1;
lock.notifyAll();
}
}
}
public void bar(Runnable printBar) throws InterruptedException {
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
// printBar.run() outputs "bar". Do not change or remove this line.
synchronized (lock) {
while (flag != 1) {
lock.wait();
}
printBar.run();
flag = 0;
lock.notifyAll();
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
FooBar fooBar = new FooBar(20);
new Thread(() -> {
try {
fooBar.bar(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.print("bar");
}
});
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
new Thread(() -> {
try {
fooBar.foo(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.print("foo");
}
});
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
}
}