一. Nvidia驱动安装
- 禁用nouveau
创建下面文件:
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf
写入以下内容:
blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0
执行以下命令使禁用生效并且重启:
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo reboot
重启后可以验证是否生效,若无输出则生效:
lsmod | grep nouveau
- NVIDIA驱动安装
- 使用标准Ubuntu 仓库进行自动化安装
在命令行中输入如下命令:
~$ ubuntu-drivers devices
== /sys/devices/pci0000:2c/0000:2c:00.0/0000:2d:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00001E30sv0000103Csd0000129Ebc03sc00i00
vendor : NVIDIA Corporation
driver : nvidia-driver-418-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-450-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-470-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-470 - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-510-server - distro non-free recommended
driver : nvidia-driver-510 - third-party free
driver : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin
从输出结果可以看到,建议安装驱动程序是 nvidia-510版本的驱动。如果您同意该建议,请再次使用Ubuntu驱动程序命令来安装所有推荐的驱动程序。
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
安装结束重启系统即可
- 使用PPA仓库进行自动安装
使用图形驱动程序PPA存储库允许我们安装NVIDIA beta驱动程序,但是这种方法存在不稳定的风险。
首先,将ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa存储库添加到系统中:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
接下来,识别显卡模型和推荐的驱动程序:
ubuntu-drivers devices
== /sys/devices/pci0000:2c/0000:2c:00.0/0000:2d:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00001E30sv0000103Csd0000129Ebc03sc00i00
vendor : NVIDIA Corporation
driver : nvidia-driver-418-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-450-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-470-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-470 - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-510-server - distro non-free recommended
driver : nvidia-driver-510 - third-party free
driver : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin
安装推荐的驱动:
sudo apt install nvidia-510
安装完毕重启检验是否安装成功:
nvidia-smi
二.CUDA10.2 安装
如果已经安装了cuda需要先进行完全卸载:
sudo apt-get --purge remove "*cublas*" "cuda*"
sudo apt-get --purge remove "*nvidia*"
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/cuda*
进入Nvidia cuda下载地址:
选择平台信息:
根据安装方式进行安装:
!!!注意安装的时候由于已经安装了驱动所以要取消驱动的安装项
安装后执行nvcc -V
查看cuda是否正常安安装:
nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
Copyright (c) 2005-2019 NVIDIA Corporation
Built on Wed_Oct_23_19:24:38_PDT_2019
Cuda compilation tools, release 10.2, V10.2.89
或者cat /usr/local/cuda/version.txt
输出CUDA Version 10.2.89
如果nvcc和安装cuda的版本不匹配 在.bashrc最后添加:
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.2/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.2/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
export CUDA_HOME=/usr/local/cuda
随后 source ~/.bashrc
即可
三.CUDNN安装
下载地址(需要注册Nvidia账号):
> [https://developer.nvidia.com/rdp/cudnn-download](https://developer.nvidia.com/rdp/cudnn-download)
A. deb安装方式
按照官方教程进行安装:
https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/cudnn/install-guide/index.html
-
安装下载的cudnn安装包
sudo dpkg -i cudnn-local-repo-${OS}-8.x.x.x_1.0-1_amd64.deb
-
Import the CUDA GPG key
sudo apt-key add /var/cudnn-local-repo-*/7fa2af80.pub
-
更新软件源
sudo apt-get update
-
Install the runtime library/developer library/code samples and the cuDNN library documentation
sudo apt-get install libcudnn8=8.x.x.x-1+cudaX.Y sudo apt-get install libcudnn8-dev=8.x.x.x-1+cudaX.Y sudo apt-get install libcudnn8-samples=8.x.x.x-1+cudaX.Y
如:
sudo apt-get install libcudnn8=8.4.0.27-1+cuda10.2
-
测试
1)将/usr/src/cudnn_samples_v8/文件夹拷贝出来
2)cd $HOME/cudnn_samples_v8/mnistCUDNN
3)make clean && make
这里如果报错:fatal error:FreeImage.h,执行:
sudo apt-get install libfreeimage3 libfreeimage-dev
4)执行./mnistCUDNN
显示Test passed!
通过
B. tar文件安装方式
- 解压文件:
tar -xvf cudnn-linux-x86_64-8.x.x.x_cudaX.Y-archive.tar.xz
- 将include和lib中的文件拷贝到cuda目录中:
$ sudo cp cudnn-*-archive/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/include
$ sudo cp -P cudnn-*-archive/lib/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64
$ sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*
- 查看cudnn版本:
//cudnn 7+
cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2
//cudnn 8+
cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn_version.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2