# Set up code checkingfrom learntools.core import binder
binder.bind(globals())from learntools.machine_learning.ex7 import*# Set up filepathsimport os
ifnot os.path.exists("../input/train.csv"):
os.symlink("../input/home-data-for-ml-course/train.csv","../input/train.csv")
os.symlink("../input/home-data-for-ml-course/test.csv","../input/test.csv")# Import helpful librariesimport pandas as pd
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestRegressor
from sklearn.metrics import mean_absolute_error
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
# Load the data, and separate the target
iowa_file_path ='../input/train.csv'
home_data = pd.read_csv(iowa_file_path)
y = home_data.SalePrice
# Create X (After completing the exercise, you can return to modify this line!)
features =['LotArea','YearBuilt','1stFlrSF','2ndFlrSF','FullBath','BedroomAbvGr','TotRmsAbvGrd']# Select columns corresponding to features, and preview the data
X = home_data[features]
X.head()# Split into validation and training data
train_X, val_X, train_y, val_y = train_test_split(X, y, random_state=1)# Define a random forest model
rf_model = RandomForestRegressor(random_state=1)
rf_model.fit(train_X, train_y)
rf_val_predictions = rf_model.predict(val_X)
rf_val_mae = mean_absolute_error(rf_val_predictions, val_y)print("Validation MAE for Random Forest Model: {:,.0f}".format(rf_val_mae))# To improve accuracy, create a new Random Forest model which you will train on all training data
rf_model_on_full_data = RandomForestRegressor(random_state=1)# fit rf_model_on_full_data on all data from the training data
rf_model_on_full_data.fit(X, y)# path to file you will use for predictions
test_data_path ='../input/test.csv'# read test data file using pandas
test_data = pd.read_csv(test_data_path)print(test_data.columns)# create test_X which comes from test_data but includes only the columns you used for prediction.# The list of columns is stored in a variable called features
test_X = test_data[features]# make predictions which we will submit.
test_preds = rf_model_on_full_data.predict(test_X)
output = pd.DataFrame({'Id': test_data.Id,'SalePrice': test_preds})
output.to_csv('submission.csv', index=False)