1、基本函数公式
Ps:如果想公式居中显示使用四个“$$$$”(前后各两个)。
- 行内公式: Γ ( z ) = ∫ 0 ∞ t z − 1 e − t d t   . \Gamma(z) = \int_0^\infty t^{z-1}e^{-t}dt\,. Γ(z)=∫0∞tz−1e−tdt.
\Gamma(z) = \int_0^\infty t^{z-1}e^{-t}dt\,.
- 行间公式: Γ ( z ) = ∫ 0 ∞ t z − 1 e − t d t   . \Gamma(z) = \int_0^\infty t^{z-1}e^{-t}dt\,. Γ(z)=∫0∞tz−1e−tdt.
$$
\Gamma(z) = \int_0^\infty t^{z-1}e^{-t}dt\,.
$$
- y k = φ ( u k + v k ) y_k=\varphi(u_k+v_k) yk=φ(uk+vk)
$y_k=\varphi(u_k+v_k)$
- y ( x ) = x 3 + 2 x 2 + x + 1 y(x)=x^3+2x^2+x+1 y(x)=x3+2x2+x+1
$y(x)=x^3+2x^2+x+1$
- x y = ( 1 + e x ) − 2 x y x^{y}=(1+{\rm e}^x)^{-2xy} xy=(1+ex)−2xy
$x^{y}=(1+{\rm e}^x)^{-2xy}$
- f ( n ) = ∑ i = 1 n n ∗ ( n + 1 ) \displaystyle f(n)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}{n*(n+1)} f(n)=i=1∑nn∗(n+1)
$\displaystyle f(n)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}{n*(n+1)}$
2、分段函数
- 分段函数:
y = { 2 x + 1 , x ≤ 0 x , x > 0 y= \begin{cases} 2x+1 ,& x \leq 0\\ x,& x>0 \end{cases} y={2x+1,x,x≤0x>0
$$y=\begin{cases}
2x+1, & x \leq0\\
x, & x>0
\end{cases}$$
- 齐次方程:
{ a 1 x + b 1 y + c 1 z = d 1 a 2 x + b 2 y + c 2 z = d 2 a 3 x + b 3 y + c 3 z = d 3 \left \{ \begin{array}{c} a_1x+b_1y+c_1z=d_1 \\ a_2x+b_2y+c_2z=d_2 \\ a_3x+b_3y+c_3z=d_3 \end{array} \right. ⎩⎨⎧a1x+b1y+c1z=d1a2x+b2y+c2z=d2a3x+b3y+c3z=d3
$$
\left \{
\begin{array}{c}
a_1x+b_1y+c_1z=d_1 \\
a_2x+b_2y+c_2z=d_2 \\
a_3x+b_3y+c_3z=d_3
\end{array}
\right.
$$
3、积分
- 积分书写: ∫ θ 1 ( x ) θ 2 ( x ) = l \int_{\theta_1(x)}^{\theta_2(x)} = l ∫θ1(x)θ2(x)=l
$$
\int_{\theta_1(x)}^{\theta_2(x)}=l
$$
- 二重积分
∬ d x d y = σ \iint dx dy=\sigma ∬dxdy=σ
$$\iint dx dy=\sigma$$
- 三重积分
∭ d x d y d z = ν \iiint dx dydz=\nu ∭dxdydz=ν
$$\iiint dx dydz=\nu$$
4、微分和偏微分
- 一阶微分方程:
d y d x + P ( x ) y = Q ( x ) \frac{dy}{dx}+P(x)y=Q(x) dxdy+P(x)y=Q(x)
d y d x ∣ x = 0 = 3 x + 1 = 1 \left. \frac{{\rm d}y}{{\rm d}x} \right|_{x=0}=3x+1=1 dxdy∣∣∣∣x=0=3x+1=1
$$\frac{dy}{dx}+P(x)y=Q(x)$$
$$\left. \frac{{\rm d}y}{{\rm d}x} \right|_{x=0}=3x+1=1 $$
- 二阶微分方程
y ′ ′ + p y ′ + q y = f ( x ) y''+py'+qy=f(x) y′′+py′+qy=f(x)
d 2 y d x 2 + p d y d x + q y = f ( x ) \frac{d^2y}{dx^2}+p\frac{dy}{dx}+qy=f(x) dx2d2y+pdxdy+qy=f(x)
$$y''+py'+qy=f(x)$$
$$\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}+p\frac{dy}{dx}+qy=f(x)$$
- 偏微分方程
∂ u 1 ∂ t = α u ∂ 2 u 1 ∂ x 2 − F ( u 1 − u 2 ) \frac{\partial u_1}{\partial t}=\alpha u\frac{\partial^2u_1}{\partial x^2}-F(u_1-u_2) ∂t∂u1=αu∂x2∂2u1−F(u1−u2)
∂ u 2 ∂ t = β u ∂ 2 u 2 ∂ x 2 − F ( u 1 − u 2 ) \frac{\partial u_2}{\partial t}=\beta u\frac{\partial^2u_2}{\partial x^2}-F(u_1-u_2) ∂t∂u2=βu∂x2∂2u2−F(u1−u2)
∂ u ∂ t = h 2 ( ∂ 2 u ∂ x 2 + ∂ 2 u ∂ y 2 + ∂ 2 u ∂ z 2 ) \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}= h^2 \left( \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2} +\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial y^2}+ \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial z^2}\right) ∂t∂u=h2(∂x2∂2u+∂y2∂2u+∂z2∂2u)
$$
\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}= h^2 \left( \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2} +\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial y^2}+ \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial z^2}\right)
$$
5、矩阵和行列式
起始标记
\begin{matrix}
,结束标记\end{matrix}
,每一行末尾标记\\,行间元素之间以&分隔。
在起始、结束标记处用下列词替换matrix
。
pmatrix :小括号边框 ( 1 2 3 4 ) \begin{pmatrix}1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4\\ \end{pmatrix} (1324)
bmatrix :中括号边框 [ 1 2 3 4 ] \begin{bmatrix}1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4\\ \end{bmatrix} [1324]
Bmatrix :大括号边框 { 1 2 3 4 } \begin{Bmatrix}1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4\\ \end{Bmatrix} {1324}
vmatrix :单竖线边框 ∣ 1 2 3 4 ∣ \begin{vmatrix}1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4\\ \end{vmatrix} ∣∣∣∣1324∣∣∣∣
Vmatrix :双竖线边框 ∥ 1 2 3 4 ∥ \begin{Vmatrix}1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4\\ \end{Vmatrix} ∥∥∥∥1324∥∥∥∥
- 单位矩阵:
[ 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 ] \begin{bmatrix} 1&0&0\\ 0&1&0\\ 0&0&1\\ \end{bmatrix} ⎣⎡100010001⎦⎤
$$\begin{bmatrix}
1&0&0\\
0&1&0\\
0&0&1\\
\end{bmatrix}
$$
横省略号:\cdots
竖省略号:\vdots
斜省略号:\ddots
-
m
×
n
矩
阵
:
m\times n矩阵:
m×n矩阵:
A = [ a 11 a 12 ⋯ a 1 n a 21 a 22 ⋯ a 2 n ⋮ ⋮ ⋱ ⋮ a m 1 a m 2 ⋯ a m n ] A=\begin{bmatrix} {a_{11}}&{a_{12}}&{\cdots}&{a_{1n}}\\ {a_{21}}&{a_{22}}&{\cdots}&{a_{2n}}\\ {\vdots}&{\vdots}&{\ddots}&{\vdots}\\ {a_{m1}}&{a_{m2}}&{\cdots}&{a_{mn}}\\ \end{bmatrix} A=⎣⎢⎢⎢⎡a11a21⋮am1a12a22⋮am2⋯⋯⋱⋯a1na2n⋮amn⎦⎥⎥⎥⎤
$$A=\begin{bmatrix}
{a_{11}}&{a_{12}}&{\cdots}&{a_{1n}}\\
{a_{21}}&{a_{22}}&{\cdots}&{a_{2n}}\\
{\vdots}&{\vdots}&{\ddots}&{\vdots}\\
{a_{m1}}&{a_{m2}}&{\cdots}&{a_{mn}}\\
\end{bmatrix}$$
$$
- 行列式:
D = ∣ a 11 a 12 ⋯ a 1 n a 21 a 22 ⋯ a 2 n ⋮ ⋮ ⋱ ⋮ a m 1 a m 2 ⋯ a m n ∣ D=\begin{vmatrix} {a_{11}}&{a_{12}}&{\cdots}&{a_{1n}}\\ {a_{21}}&{a_{22}}&{\cdots}&{a_{2n}}\\ {\vdots}&{\vdots}&{\ddots}&{\vdots}\\ {a_{m1}}&{a_{m2}}&{\cdots}&{a_{mn}}\\ \end{vmatrix} D=∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣a11a21⋮am1a12a22⋮am2⋯⋯⋱⋯a1na2n⋮amn∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣∣
$$D=\begin{vmatrix}
{a_{11}}&{a_{12}}&{\cdots}&{a_{1n}}\\
{a_{21}}&{a_{22}}&{\cdots}&{a_{2n}}\\
{\vdots}&{\vdots}&{\ddots}&{\vdots}\\
{a_{m1}}&{a_{m2}}&{\cdots}&{a_{mn}}\\
\end{vmatrix}$$
- 表格
a b c R 1 c b a R 2 b c c \begin{array}{c|lll} {}&{a}&{b}&{c}\\ \hline {R_1}&{c}&{b}&{a}\\ {R_2}&{b}&{c}&{c}\\ \end{array} R1R2acbbbccac
n Left Center Right 1 0.24 1 125 2 − 1 189 − 8 3 − 20 2000 1 + 10 i \begin{array}{c|lcr} n & \text{Left} & \text{Center} & \text{Right} \\ \hline 1 & 0.24 & 1 & 125 \\ 2 & -1 & 189 & -8 \\ 3 & -20 & 2000 & 1+10i \\ \end{array} n123Left0.24−1−20Center11892000Right125−81+10i
$$\begin{array}{c|lll}
{}&{a}&{b}&{c}\\
\hline
{R_1}&{c}&{b}&{a}\\
{R_2}&{b}&{c}&{c}\\
\end{array}$$
- 增广矩阵
[ 1 2 3 4 5 6 ] \left[ \begin{array} {c c | c} %这里的c表示数组中元素对其方式:c居中、r右对齐、l左对齐,竖线表示2、3列间插入竖线 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \end{array} \right] [142536]
$$
\left[ \begin{array} {c c | c}
1 & 2 & 3 \\
\hline %插入横线,如果去掉\hline就是增广矩阵
4 & 5 & 6
\end{array} \right]
$$
6、极限
f
(
n
)
=
lim
n
→
+
∞
1
n
(
n
+
1
)
f(n)=\lim_{n \rightarrow +\infty} \frac{1}{n(n+1)}
f(n)=n→+∞limn(n+1)1
1
lim
u
→
∞
,
1
lim
u
→
∞
\frac{1}{\lim_{u \rightarrow \infty}}, \frac{1}{\lim\limits_{u \rightarrow \infty}}
limu→∞1,u→∞lim1
$$
f(n)=\lim_{n \rightarrow +\infty} \frac{1}{n(n+1)}$$
$$\frac{1}{\lim_{u \rightarrow \infty}}, \frac{1}{\lim\limits_{u \rightarrow \infty}}
$$
7、其他
a
⃗
⋅
b
⃗
=
0
\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=0
a⋅b=0
F
1234
=
{
F
1
0
<
S
1
F
2
∗
S
1
≤
0
<
S
2
F
3
∗
S
2
≤
0
<
S
3
F
4
S
3
≤
0
F^{1234}=\left\{ \begin{array}{rcl} F_1 & & {0 < S_1}\\ F^*_2 & & {S_1 \leq 0 < S_2}\\ F^*_3 & & {S_2 \leq 0 < S_3}\\ F_4 & & {S_3 \leq 0} \end{array} \right.
F1234=⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧F1F2∗F3∗F40<S1S1≤0<S2S2≤0<S3S3≤0
G
1234
=
{
F
1
0
<
S
1
F
2
∗
S
1
≤
0
<
S
2
F
3
∗
S
2
≤
0
<
S
3
F
4
S
3
≤
0
G^{1234}=\left\{ \begin{array}{rcl} F_1 & & {0 < S_1}\\ F^*_2 & & {S_1 \leq 0 < S_2}\\ F^*_3 & & {S_2 \leq 0 < S_3}\\ F_4 & & {S_3 \leq 0} \end{array} \right.
G1234=⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧F1F2∗F3∗F40<S1S1≤0<S2S2≤0<S3S3≤0
f
(
x
)
=
{
0
x=0
1
x!=0
f(x)= \begin{cases} 0& \text{x=0}\\ 1& \text{x!=0} \end{cases}
f(x)={01x=0x!=0
A
=
(
x
−
y
)
(
x
+
y
)
=
x
∗
x
+
x
∗
y
−
y
∗
x
−
y
∗
y
=
x
2
−
y
2
\begin{aligned} % requires amsmath; align* for no eq. number A & =(x-y)(x+y) \\ & =x*x+x*y-y*x-y*y\\ & = x^2 - y^2 \end{aligned}
A=(x−y)(x+y)=x∗x+x∗y−y∗x−y∗y=x2−y2
附录
markdown语法(输入在两个$$之间) | 显示 | |
---|---|---|
圆括号(小括号) | \left( \frac{a}{b} \right) | ( a b ) \left(\frac{a}{b} \right) (ba) |
方括号(中括号) | \left{ \frac{a}{b} \right} | [ a b ] \left[\frac{a}{b} \right] [ba] |
花括号(大括号) | \left{\frac{a}{b} \right} | { a b \frac{a}{b} ba} |
角括号 | \left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle | ⟨ a b ⟩ \left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle ⟨ba⟩ |
取整函数 | \left \lfloor \frac{a}{b} \right \rfloor | ⌊ a b ⌋ \left \lfloor \frac{a}{b} \right \rfloor ⌊ba⌋ |
取顶函数 | \left \lceil \frac{c}{d} \right \rceil | ⌈ c d ⌉ \left \lceil \frac{c}{d} \right \rceil ⌈dc⌉ |
斜线与反斜线 | \left / \frac{a}{b} \right \backslash | / a b \ \left / \frac{a}{b} \right \backslash /ba\ |
上下箭头 | \left \uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \downarrow | ↑ a b ↓ \left \uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \downarrow ⏐↑ba↓⏐ |
混合括号 | \left [ 0,1 \right ) | [ 0 , 1 ) \left [ 0,1 \right ) [0,1) |