Opencv学习笔记（二十八）图像基础运算操作

图像加法、混合、位运算

图像加法运算，opencv采用cv2.add(), numpy采用算术符号’+'操作。
两者的区别在于opencv是饱和操作，numpy是取模操作。
饱和操作是大于255的像素截断为255，取模操作是大于255的像素对256取模。

import cv2
import numpy as np
x = np.uint8([245])
y = np.uint8([20])
print (x + y)  # [9]
a = cv2.add(x, y)
print(a)  # [[255]]

图像混合就是使用不同的权重使两幅图像相加。函数为cv2.addWeighted()

代码

import cv2
import numpy as np
src1 = cv2.imread(r'F:\OPENCV\Opencv\dog.png')
gray1 = cv2.cvtColor(src1, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# src2 = cv2.imread(r'F:\OPENCV\Opencv\dog.png')
cv2.imshow('gray1', gray1)
# 图像相加
img = cv2.add(gray1, gray1)
cv2.imshow('img', img)
img2 = gray1 + gray1
cv2.imshow('img2', img2)
# 图像混合 cv2.addWeighted()
src2 = cv2.imread(r'F:\OPENCV\Opencv\cat1.png', 1)
gray2 = cv2.cvtColor(src2, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

src4 = cv2.resize(src2, (400, 600))
src3 = cv2.resize(src1, (400, 600))
dst = cv2.addWeighted(src3, 0.6, src4, 0.4, 0)
cv2.imshow('dst', dst)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

结果


图像位运算
图像的位操作：“与” cv2.bitwise_and、“或” cv2.bitwise_or、
“非”：cv2.bitwise_not、“异或” cv2.bitwise_xor

import cv2
import numpy as np

# 加载图像
src1 = cv2.imread(r'F:\OPENCV\Opencv\animal.png')
src2 = cv2.imread(r'F:\OPENCV\Opencv\opencv.jpeg')

rows, cols, channels = src2.shape
roi = src1[0:rows, 0:cols]
cv2.imshow('roi', roi)
# 创建掩膜
gray2 = cv2.cvtColor(src2, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
ret, mask = cv2.threshold(gray2, 175, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
mask_inv = cv2.bitwise_not(mask)

roi_bg = cv2.bitwise_and(roi, roi, mask=mask)

src2_fg = cv2.bitwise_and(src2, src2, mask=mask_inv)

dst = cv2.add(roi_bg, src2_fg)
src1[0:rows, 0:cols] = dst
cv2.imshow('res', src1)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

结果显示