Ubuntu搭建QEMU risc-v环境及交叉编译工具链

QEMU环境搭建

step1：安装依赖库

sudo apt-get install gcc libc6-dev pkg-config bridge-utils uml-utilities zlib1g-dev libglib2.0-dev autoconf automake libtool libsdl1.2-dev

step2：安装QEMU

git clone https://git.qemu.org/git/qemu.git

cd qemu

./configure

./configure这步缺少ninja、pixman、bison、flex都可能会报错，可以根据报错安装相应的东西，也可以在这一步之前先把以上安装好

• 安装ninja

sudo apt install ninja-build

• 安装pixman

sudo apt install pixman-1-dev

• 安装flex

sudo apt install flex

• 安装bison

sudo apt install bison

step3

make

sudo make install

交叉编译工具链

step1：从国内镜像源安装相关的（以下不需要的可以不装）

git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/riscv-gnu-toolchain

cd riscv-gnu-toolchain

git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/riscv-dejagnu

git clone -b riscv-gcc-10.2.0 https://gitee.com/mirrors/riscv-gcc

git clone -b riscv-glibc-2.29 https://gitee.com/mirrors/riscv-glibc

git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/riscv-newlib

git clone -b riscv-binutils-2.35 https://gitee.com/mirrors/riscv-binutils-gdb riscv-binutils

git clone -b fsf-gdb-10.1-with-sim https://gitee.com/mirrors/riscv-binutils-gdb riscv-gdb

step2

sudo apt-get install autoconf automake autotools-dev curl libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libgmp-dev gawk build-essential bison flex texinfo gperf libtool patchutils bc zlib1g-dev libexpat-dev

step3

sudo apt-get install libnewlib-dev

step4：进入bashrc文件添加环境变量

vim ~/.bashrc
在该文件开头添加以下路径（根据自己的路径进行修改）
export RISCV="/home/riscv-gnu-toolchain"
export PATH=$PATH:/home/bin

step5

source ~/.bashrc

step6

su
如果报错执行：sudo passwd root再执行su

step7

mkdir build

cd build/

../configure --prefix=$RISCV

step8：这步执行会很慢

sudo make -j4
如果执行这步的时候报错先执行chown -R root /home/wing/riscv-gnu-toolchain（这个路径也要根据自己的路径进行修改）
如果报错中有RPC failed执行以下几步：
apt-get install gnutls-bin
git config --global http.sslVerify false
git config --global http.postBuffer 1048576000

step9

sudo make install

step10

执行完之后可以查看版本检查是否安装成功，如检查gcc交叉编译是否安装成功riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc --version