Halcon图像识别——车牌识别

代码功能：识别车牌字符，C#开发界面，结果显示在界面中
关键算子：smallest_rectangle2 ()获取最小外接矩形

select_shape（）按照形状筛选区域
read_ocr_class_mlp（）读取软件自带的训练模板
do_ocr_multi_class_mlp (）按照模板识别字符，**注意！**必须和模板的类型一致，比如这里都是_mlp类型
///手动分隔符

dev_close_window ()
dev_open_file_dialog ('read_image', 'default', 'default', Selection)
read_image (Image, Selection)
get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
dev_open_window (0, 0, Width, Height, 'black', WindowHandle)
set_part(WindowHandle,0,0,Height-1,Width-1)
dev_display (Image)
*转换为r/g/b/h/s/v通道图,选择对比度最大的通道
decompose3 (Image, r, g, b)
trans_from_rgb (r, g, b, h, s, v, 'hsv')
*阈值处理
threshold (s, Region, 120, 255)
fill_up (Region, RegionFillUp)
*找出区域所在的最小外接矩形
smallest_rectangle2 (RegionFillUp, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
*区域所在的中心坐标及角度
vector_angle_to_rigid (Row, Column, Phi, Row, Column, -0.01, HomMat2D)
*将区域和图片旋转到水平位置
affine_trans_region (Rectangle, RegionAffineTrans, HomMat2D, 'nearest_neighbor')
affine_trans_image (s, ImageAffineTrans, HomMat2D, 'constant', 'false')
*区域做差，得到目标区域
reduce_domain (ImageAffineTrans, RegionAffineTrans, ImageReduced)
threshold (ImageReduced, Region1, 1, 50)
closing_circle (Region1, RegionClosing, 1.8)
*构建连通域
connection (Region1, ConnectedRegions)
*按照面积大小筛选出目标区域
select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, 'area', 'and', 1000, 99999)
count_obj (SelectedRegions, Number)
if (Number!=6)
    stop()
endif
*按照列排序
sort_region (SelectedRegions, SortedRegions, 'first_point', 'true', 'column')
*按照自带的训练模板训练字符
read_ocr_class_mlp ('Industrial_0-9A-Z_NoRej.omc', OCRHandle)
*invert_image (ImageReduced, ImageInvert)
*识别字符，结果存放到变量Class中
do_ocr_multi_class_mlp (SortedRegions, ImageReduced, OCRHandle, Class, Confidence)
*创建文档，存放字符
open_file ('fff.txt', 'output', FileHandle)
fwrite_string (FileHandle, Class)
close_file (FileHandle)`

附上C#源码–识别图像类：

//
// File generated by HDevelop for HALCON/.NET (C#) Version 18.05
//
//  This file is intended to be used with the HDevelopTemplate or
//  HDevelopTemplateWPF projects located under %HALCONEXAMPLES%\c#

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using HalconDotNet;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;
using identification;


public partial class HDevelopExport
{
  //  Form1 new_form = new Form1();
  public HTuple hv_ExpDefaultWinHandle;
    //public Form form2 = new Form();
    public void HDevelopStop()
  {
    MessageBox.Show("Press button to continue", "Program stop");
  }

  // Procedures 
  // Chapter: Graphics / Text
  // Short Description: This procedure writes a text message. 
  public void disp_message (HTuple hv_WindowHandle, HTuple hv_String, HTuple hv_CoordSystem, 
      HTuple hv_Row, HTuple hv_Column, HTuple hv_Color, HTuple hv_Box)
  {
    // Local iconic variables 

    // Local control variables 

    HTuple hv_GenParamName = new HTuple(), hv_GenParamValue = new HTuple();
    HTuple   hv_Color_COPY_INP_TMP = new HTuple(hv_Color);
    HTuple   hv_Column_COPY_INP_TMP = new HTuple(hv_Column);
    HTuple   hv_CoordSystem_COPY_INP_TMP = new HTuple(hv_CoordSystem);
    HTuple   hv_Row_COPY_INP_TMP = new HTuple(hv_Row);

    // Initialize local and output iconic variables 
    //This procedure displays text in a graphics window.
    //
    //Input parameters:
    //WindowHandle: The WindowHandle of the graphics window, where
    //   the message should be displayed
    //String: A tuple of strings containing the text message to be displayed
    //CoordSystem: If set to 'window', the text position is given
    //   with respect to the window coordinate system.
    //   If set to 'image', image coordinates are used.
    //   (This may be useful in zoomed images.)
    //Row: The row coordinate of the desired text position
    //   A tuple of values is allowed to display text at different
    //   positions.
    //Column: The column coordinate of the desired text position
    //   A tuple of values is allowed to display text at different
    //   positions.
    //Color: defines the color of the text as string.
    //   If set to [], '' or 'auto' the currently set color is used.
    //   If a tuple of strings is passed, the colors are used cyclically...
    //   - if |Row| == |Column| == 1: for each new textline
    //   = else for each text position.
    //Box: If Box[0] is set to 'true', the text is written within an orange box.
    //     If set to' false', no box is displayed.
    //     If set to a color string (e.g. 'white', '#FF00CC', etc.),
    //       the text is written in a box of that color.
    //     An optional second value for Box (Box[1]) controls if a shadow is displayed:
    //       'true' -> display a shadow in a default color
    //       'false' -> display no shadow
    //       otherwise -> use given string as color string for the shadow color
    //
    //It is possible to display multiple text strings in a single call.
    //In this case, some restrictions apply:
    //- Multiple text positions can be defined by specifying a tuple
    //  with multiple Row and/or Column coordinates, i.e.:
    //  - |Row| == n, |Column| == n
    //  - |Row| == n, |Column| == 1
    //  - |Row| == 1, |Column| == n
    //- If |Row| == |Column| == 1,
    //  each element of String is display in a new textline.
    //- If multiple positions or specified, the number of Strings
    //  must match the number of positions, i.e.:
    //  - Either |String| == n (each string is displayed at the
    //                          corresponding position),
    //  - or     |String| == 1 (The string is displayed n times).
    //
    //
    //Convert the parameters for disp_text.
    if ((int)((new HTuple(hv_Row_COPY_INP_TMP.TupleEqual(new HTuple()))).TupleOr(
        new HTuple(hv_Column_COPY_INP_TMP.TupleEqual(new HTuple())))) != 0)
    {

      hv_Color_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
      hv_Column_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
      hv_CoordSystem_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
      hv_Row_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
      hv_GenParamName.Dispose();
      hv_GenParamValue.Dispose();

      return;
    }
    if ((int)(new HTuple(hv_Row_COPY_INP_TMP.TupleEqual(-1))) != 0)
    {
      hv_Row_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
      hv_Row_COPY_INP_TMP = 12;
    }
    if ((int)(new HTuple(hv_Column_COPY_INP_TMP.TupleEqual(-1))) != 0)
    {
      hv_Column_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
      hv_Column_COPY_INP_TMP = 12;
    }
    //
    //Convert the parameter Box to generic parameters.
    hv_GenParamName.Dispose();
    hv_GenParamName = new HTuple();
    hv_GenParamValue.Dispose();
    hv_GenParamValue = new HTuple();
    if ((int)(new HTuple((new HTuple(hv_Box.TupleLength())).TupleGreater(0))) != 0)
    {
      if ((int)(new HTuple(((hv_Box.TupleSelect(0))).TupleEqual("false"))) != 0)
      {
        //Display no box
        using (HDevDisposeHelper dh = new HDevDisposeHelper())
        {
        {
        HTuple 
          ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamName = hv_GenParamName.TupleConcat(
            "box");
        hv_GenParamName.Dispose();
        hv_GenParamName = ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamName;
        }
        }
        using (HDevDisposeHelper dh = new HDevDisposeHelper())
        {
        {
        HTuple 
          ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamValue = hv_GenParamValue.TupleConcat(
            "false");
        hv_GenParamValue.Dispose();
        hv_GenParamValue = ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamValue;
        }
        }
      }
      else if ((int)(new HTuple(((hv_Box.TupleSelect(0))).TupleNotEqual("true"))) != 0)
      {
        //Set a color other than the default.
        using (HDevDisposeHelper dh = new HDevDisposeHelper())
        {
        {
        HTuple 
          ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamName = hv_GenParamName.TupleConcat(
            "box_color");
        hv_GenParamName.Dispose();
        hv_GenParamName = ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamName;
        }
        }
        using (HDevDisposeHelper dh = new HDevDisposeHelper())
        {
        {
        HTuple 
          ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamValue = hv_GenParamValue.TupleConcat(
            hv_Box.TupleSelect(0));
        hv_GenParamValue.Dispose();
        hv_GenParamValue = ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamValue;
        }
        }
      }
    }
    if ((int)(new HTuple((new HTuple(hv_Box.TupleLength())).TupleGreater(1))) != 0)
    {
      if ((int)(new HTuple(((hv_Box.TupleSelect(1))).TupleEqual("false"))) != 0)
      {
        //Display no shadow.
        using (HDevDisposeHelper dh = new HDevDisposeHelper())
        {
        {
        HTuple 
          ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamName = hv_GenParamName.TupleConcat(
            "shadow");
        hv_GenParamName.Dispose();
        hv_GenParamName = ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamName;
        }
        }
        using (HDevDisposeHelper dh = new HDevDisposeHelper())
        {
        {
        HTuple 
          ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamValue = hv_GenParamValue.TupleConcat(
            "false");
        hv_GenParamValue.Dispose();
        hv_GenParamValue = ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamValue;
        }
        }
      }
      else if ((int)(new HTuple(((hv_Box.TupleSelect(1))).TupleNotEqual("true"))) != 0)
      {
        //Set a shadow color other than the default.
        using (HDevDisposeHelper dh = new HDevDisposeHelper())
        {
        {
        HTuple 
          ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamName = hv_GenParamName.TupleConcat(
            "shadow_color");
        hv_GenParamName.Dispose();
        hv_GenParamName = ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamName;
        }
        }
        using (HDevDisposeHelper dh = new HDevDisposeHelper())
        {
        {
        HTuple 
          ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamValue = hv_GenParamValue.TupleConcat(
            hv_Box.TupleSelect(1));
        hv_GenParamValue.Dispose();
        hv_GenParamValue = ExpTmpLocalVar_GenParamValue;
        }
        }
      }
    }
    //Restore default CoordSystem behavior.
    if ((int)(new HTuple(hv_CoordSystem_COPY_INP_TMP.TupleNotEqual("window"))) != 0)
    {
      hv_CoordSystem_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
      hv_CoordSystem_COPY_INP_TMP = "image";
    }
    //
    if ((int)(new HTuple(hv_Color_COPY_INP_TMP.TupleEqual(""))) != 0)
    {
      //disp_text does not accept an empty string for Color.
      hv_Color_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
      hv_Color_COPY_INP_TMP = new HTuple();
    }
    //
    HOperatorSet.DispText(hv_ExpDefaultWinHandle, hv_String, hv_CoordSystem_COPY_INP_TMP, 
        hv_Row_COPY_INP_TMP, hv_Column_COPY_INP_TMP, hv_Color_COPY_INP_TMP, hv_GenParamName, 
        hv_GenParamValue);

    hv_Color_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
    hv_Column_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
    hv_CoordSystem_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
    hv_Row_COPY_INP_TMP.Dispose();
    hv_GenParamName.Dispose();
    hv_GenParamValue.Dispose();

    return;
  }
    
  // Main procedure 
  private string  action(string name,Form1 my_form)
  {
        
      
    // Local iconic variables 

    HObject ho_Image, ho_R, ho_G, ho_B, ho_H, ho_S;
    HObject ho_V, ho_Region, ho_RegionFillUp, ho_Rectangle;
    HObject ho_RegionAffineTrans, ho_ImageAffineTrans, ho_ImageReduced;
    HObject ho_Region1, ho_ConnectedRegions, ho_SelectedRegions;
    HObject ho_SortedRegions, ho_ImageInvert;

    // Local control variables 

    HTuple hv_Width = new HTuple(), hv_Height = new HTuple();
    HTuple hv_WindowHandle = new HTuple(), hv_Row = new HTuple();
    HTuple hv_Column = new HTuple(), hv_Phi = new HTuple();
    HTuple hv_Length1 = new HTuple(), hv_Length2 = new HTuple();
    HTuple hv_HomMat2D = new HTuple(), hv_Number = new HTuple();
    HTuple hv_OCRHandle = new HTuple(), hv_Class = new HTuple();
    HTuple hv_Confidence = new HTuple(), hv_FileHandle = new HTuple();
    // Initialize local and output iconic variables 
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_Image);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_R);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_G);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_B);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_H);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_S);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_V);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_Region);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_RegionFillUp);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_Rectangle);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_RegionAffineTrans);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_ImageAffineTrans);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_ImageReduced);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_Region1);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_ConnectedRegions);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_SelectedRegions);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_SortedRegions);
    HOperatorSet.GenEmptyObj(out ho_ImageInvert);
    
    //dev_close_window(...);
    ho_Image.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.ReadImage(out ho_Image, name);
    hv_Width.Dispose();hv_Height.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.GetImageSize(ho_Image, out hv_Width, out hv_Height);
        
        my_form.textBox4.Text = hv_Width.ToString();
        my_form.textBox5.Text = hv_Height.ToString();
        //TextBox textbox5 = new TextBox();
        //textbox5.Text = hv_Width;
        //dev_open_window(...);
        HOperatorSet.SetPart(hv_ExpDefaultWinHandle, 0, 0,  hv_Height - 1,hv_Width -1);
    HOperatorSet.DispObj(ho_Image, hv_ExpDefaultWinHandle);
    ho_R.Dispose();ho_G.Dispose();ho_B.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.Decompose3(ho_Image, out ho_R, out ho_G, out ho_B);
    ho_H.Dispose();ho_S.Dispose();ho_V.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.TransFromRgb(ho_R, ho_G, ho_B, out ho_H, out ho_S, out ho_V, "hsv");

    ho_Region.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.Threshold(ho_S, out ho_Region, 128, 255);
    ho_RegionFillUp.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.FillUp(ho_Region, out ho_RegionFillUp);
    hv_Row.Dispose();hv_Column.Dispose();hv_Phi.Dispose();hv_Length1.Dispose();hv_Length2.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.SmallestRectangle2(ho_RegionFillUp, out hv_Row, out hv_Column, out hv_Phi, 
        out hv_Length1, out hv_Length2);
    ho_Rectangle.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.GenRectangle2(out ho_Rectangle, hv_Row, hv_Column, hv_Phi, hv_Length1, 
        hv_Length2);
    hv_HomMat2D.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.VectorAngleToRigid(hv_Row, hv_Column, hv_Phi, hv_Row, hv_Column, 
        0, out hv_HomMat2D);

    ho_RegionAffineTrans.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.AffineTransRegion(ho_Rectangle, out ho_RegionAffineTrans, hv_HomMat2D, 
        "nearest_neighbor");

    ho_ImageAffineTrans.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.AffineTransImage(ho_R, out ho_ImageAffineTrans, hv_HomMat2D, "constant", 
        "false");

    //图像裁剪
    ho_ImageReduced.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.ReduceDomain(ho_ImageAffineTrans, ho_RegionAffineTrans, out ho_ImageReduced
        );

    //提取白色区域
    ho_Region1.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.Threshold(ho_ImageReduced, out ho_Region1, 100, 255);
    ho_ConnectedRegions.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.Connection(ho_Region1, out ho_ConnectedRegions);

    ho_SelectedRegions.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.SelectShape(ho_ConnectedRegions, out ho_SelectedRegions, (new HTuple("rect2_len1")).TupleConcat(
        "rect2_len2"), "and", (new HTuple(45)).TupleConcat(20), (new HTuple(55)).TupleConcat(
        30));

    hv_Number.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.CountObj(ho_SelectedRegions, out hv_Number);

    if ((int)(new HTuple(hv_Number.TupleNotEqual(6))) != 0)
    {
      HDevelopStop();
    }

    //
    ho_SortedRegions.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.SortRegion(ho_SelectedRegions, out ho_SortedRegions, "first_point", 
        "true", "column");

    //读取ocr
    hv_OCRHandle.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.ReadOcrClassMlp("Industrial_0-9A-Z_NoRej.omc", out hv_OCRHandle);

    //图像反转
    ho_ImageInvert.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.InvertImage(ho_ImageReduced, out ho_ImageInvert);

    hv_Class.Dispose();hv_Confidence.Dispose();
    HOperatorSet.DoOcrMultiClassMlp(ho_SortedRegions, ho_ImageInvert, hv_OCRHandle, 
        out hv_Class, out hv_Confidence);

        string str = "";string str2 = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < hv_Class.Length; i++)
        {
            str += hv_Class.TupleSelect(i);
            str2 += hv_Confidence.TupleSelect(i);
        }
        my_form.textBox2.Text = str2;
        //disp_message(hv_ExpDefaultWinHandle, hv_Class, "window", 0, 0, "black", "true");
        ho_Image.Dispose();
    ho_R.Dispose();
    ho_G.Dispose();
    ho_B.Dispose();
    ho_H.Dispose();
    ho_S.Dispose();
    ho_V.Dispose();
    ho_Region.Dispose();
    ho_RegionFillUp.Dispose();
    ho_Rectangle.Dispose();
    ho_RegionAffineTrans.Dispose();
    ho_ImageAffineTrans.Dispose();
    ho_ImageReduced.Dispose();
    ho_Region1.Dispose();
    ho_ConnectedRegions.Dispose();
    ho_SelectedRegions.Dispose();
    ho_SortedRegions.Dispose();
    ho_ImageInvert.Dispose();

    hv_Width.Dispose();
    hv_Height.Dispose();
    hv_WindowHandle.Dispose();
    hv_Row.Dispose();
    hv_Column.Dispose();
    hv_Phi.Dispose();
    hv_Length1.Dispose();
    hv_Length2.Dispose();
    hv_HomMat2D.Dispose();
    hv_Number.Dispose();
    hv_OCRHandle.Dispose();
    hv_Class.Dispose();
    hv_Confidence.Dispose();
    hv_FileHandle.Dispose();
        return (str);
  }
    public void InitHalcon()
  {
    // Default settings used in HDevelop 
    HOperatorSet.SetSystem("width", 512);
    HOperatorSet.SetSystem("height", 512);
  }
    //public static void change(TextBox a, TextBox b)
    //{
    //    a.Text = he_width;
    //}
  public string RunHalcon(HTuple Window,Form1 form,string name)
  {
    hv_ExpDefaultWinHandle = Window;
   
    action(name,form);
        return (action(name,form));
    
  }

}

Form类代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using HalconDotNet;
using System.IO;

namespace identification
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        HDevelopExport HD = new HDevelopExport();
        public static Form1 my_form;
        //HObject ho_Image; HTuple hv_Width = new HTuple(), hv_Height = new HTuple();
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
            my_form = this;
        }
        
        private void Read_image_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string fileName = string.Empty; //文件名                                        
            OpenFileDialog dlg = new OpenFileDialog();//打开文件
            dlg.DefaultExt = "png";
            dlg.Filter = "*.jpg|*.png";
            if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
                fileName = dlg.FileName;
            if (fileName == null)
                return;
            
          string  lisence=HD.RunHalcon(hWindowControl1.HalconWindow,my_form,fileName);
            textBox1.Text = lisence;
        }
    }
}