ffmpeg 之avcodec_find_decoder_by_name分析

avcodec_find_decoder_by_name（“h264_cuvid”）；
   std::string name{};
    if (id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
      name = ((m_gpu < 0) ? "h264" : "h264_cuvid");
    else if (id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC)
      name = ((m_gpu < 0) ? "hevc" : "hevc_cuvid");

从这里开始分析：
libavcodec codec.h

/**
 * Find a registered decoder with the specified name.
 *
 * @param name name of the requested decoder
 * @return A decoder if one was found, NULL otherwise.
 */
AVCodec *avcodec_find_decoder_by_name(const char *name);

AVCodec *avcodec_find_decoder_by_name(const char *name)
{
    return find_codec_by_name(name, av_codec_is_decoder);
}

int av_codec_is_decoder(const AVCodec *codec)
{
    return codec && (codec->decode || codec->receive_frame);
}
    /**
     * Encode data to an AVPacket.
     *
     * @param      avctx          codec context
     * @param      avpkt          output AVPacket (may contain a user-provided buffer)
     * @param[in]  frame          AVFrame containing the raw data to be encoded
     * @param[out] got_packet_ptr encoder sets to 0 or 1 to indicate that a
     *                            non-empty packet was returned in avpkt.
     * @return 0 on success, negative error code on failure
     */
int (*decode)(struct AVCodecContext *, void *outdata, int *outdata_size, struct AVPacket *avpkt);
    /**
     * Decode API with decoupled packet/frame dataflow. This function is called
     * to get one output frame. It should call ff_decode_get_packet() to obtain
     * input data.
     */
int (*receive_frame)(struct AVCodecContext *avctx, struct AVFrame *frame);

static AVCodec *find_codec_by_name(const char *name, int (*x)(const AVCodec *))
{
    void *i = 0;
    const AVCodec *p;

    if (!name)
        return NULL;

    while ((p = av_codec_iterate(&i))) {
        if (!x(p))
            continue;
            //对比字符串,p就是返回的解码器
        if (strcmp(name, p->name) == 0)
            return (AVCodec*)p;
    }

    return NULL;
}
一部分解码器：
extern AVCodec ff_h264_cuvid_decoder;
extern AVCodec ff_h264_mf_encoder;
extern AVCodec ff_h264_nvenc_encoder;
extern AVCodec ff_hevc_cuvid_decoder;
extern AVCodec ff_hevc_mediacodec_decoder;
extern AVCodec ff_hevc_mf_encoder;
extern AVCodec ff_hevc_nvenc_encoder;


static AVOnce av_codec_static_init = AV_ONCE_INIT;
static void av_codec_init_static(void)
{
    for (int i = 0; codec_list[i]; i++) {
        if (codec_list[i]->init_static_data)
        //这里我们执行具体的某一个解码器的函数，比如h264
            codec_list[i]->init_static_data((AVCodec*)codec_list[i]);
    }
}
const AVCodec *av_codec_iterate(void **opaque)
{
    uintptr_t i = (uintptr_t)*opaque;
    const AVCodec *c = codec_list[i];

    ff_thread_once(&av_codec_static_init, av_codec_init_static);

    if (c)
        *opaque = (void*)(i + 1);

    return c;
}


AVCodec ff_h264_decoder = {
    .name                  = "h264",
    .long_name             = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10"),
    .type                  = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
    .id                    = AV_CODEC_ID_H264,
    .priv_data_size        = sizeof(H264Context),
    .init                  = h264_decode_init,
    .close                 = h264_decode_end,
    .decode                = h264_decode_frame,
    .capabilities          = /*AV_CODEC_CAP_DRAW_HORIZ_BAND |*/ AV_CODEC_CAP_DR1 |
                             AV_CODEC_CAP_DELAY | AV_CODEC_CAP_SLICE_THREADS |
                             AV_CODEC_CAP_FRAME_THREADS,
    .hw_configs            = (const AVCodecHWConfigInternal*[]) 
.....
}

接下来看一下
avcodec_find_decoder（）

AVCodec *avcodec_find_decoder(enum AVCodecID id)
{
    return find_codec(id, av_codec_is_decoder);
}


static AVCodec *find_codec(enum AVCodecID id, int (*x)(const AVCodec *))
{
    const AVCodec *p, *experimental = NULL;
    void *i = 0;

    id = remap_deprecated_codec_id(id);

    while ((p = av_codec_iterate(&i))) {
        if (!x(p))
            continue;
            //这里跟上面一样
        if (p->id == id) {
            if (p->capabilities & AV_CODEC_CAP_EXPERIMENTAL && !experimental) {
                experimental = p;
            } else
                return (AVCodec*)p;
        }
    }

    return (AVCodec*)experimental;
}