Spring(三：IOC案列演示---xml及注解)

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-16 16:28:13 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-16 16:28:13 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43374578/article/details/106549234

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一、基于XML

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>spring_ioc_xml</groupId>
    <artifactId>zte</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mysql依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.13</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Dbutils依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--c3p0依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.18</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id = "studentServiceImpl" class="zte.com.business.service.StudentServiceImpl">
        <!--这里采用构造注入的方式-->
        <constructor-arg name="studentDao" ref = "studentDaoImpl"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>


    <bean id = "studentDaoImpl" class="zte.com.business.dao.StudentDaoImpl">
        <!--这里采用set方法注入的方式-->
        <property name="queryRunner" ref="runner"></property>
    </bean>


    <bean id = "runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype">
        <!--QueryRunner：带参构造，只能构造函数注入-->
        <constructor-arg name="ds" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

    <bean id = "dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!--链接数据库的信息-->
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://10.5.16.76:3306/stu_db"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="1234"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

dao层(接口忽略)

package zte.com.business.dao;

public class StudentDaoImpl implements IStudentDao{

    private QueryRunner queryRunner;

    public void setQueryRunner(QueryRunner queyRunner) {
        this.queryRunner = queryRunner;
    }

    public List<Student> findAllStudent() {
        try{
            List<Student> list = queryRunner.query("select * from student", new BeanListHandler<Student>(Student.class));
            return list;
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("查询所有学生信息失败");
        }
    }

    public Student findById(Integer studentId) {
        try{
            Student student = queryRunner.query("select * from student where id = ?", new BeanHandler<Student>(Student.class),studentId);
            return student;
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("查询单个学生信息失败");
        }
    }

    public void saveStudent(Student student) {
        try{
            queryRunner.update("insert into student (id,name) values (?,?)",student.getId(),student.getName());
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("添加单个学生信息失败");
        }
    }

    public void deleteById(Integer studentId) {
        try{
            queryRunner.update("delete from student where id = ?",studentId);
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("删除单个学生信息失败");
        }
    }
}

service层(接口忽略)

package zte.com.business.service;

public class StudentServiceImpl implements IStudentService {

    private IStudentDao studentDao;

    public StudentServiceImpl(IStudentDao studentDao) {
        this.studentDao = studentDao;
    }

    public List<Student> findAllStudent() {
        return studentDao.findAllStudent();
    }

    public Student findById(Integer studentId) {
        return studentDao.findById(studentId);
    }

    public void saveStudent(Student student) {
        studentDao.saveStudent(student);
    }

    public void deleteById(Integer studentId) {
        studentDao.deleteById(studentId);
    }
}

测试类：写在test包下

package com.test;
public class StudentTest {

/**
 *  1. 应用程序的入口： main方法；
 *  2，单元测试中，虽然没有main方法，但是junit实际集成了一个main方法； 如果加上@Test，则就会集成到；
 *  3. junit根本不知道是否继承了spring框架，因此不会读取配置文件/配置类
 *    
 *    由此可得：junit无法读取到容器，必须手动来创建容器，进行测试
 */
    public static ApplicationContext ac;
    public static IStudentService studentServiceImpl;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        studentServiceImpl = (IStudentService) ac.getBean("studentServiceImpl");
    }

    @Test
    public void find() {
        List<Student> list = studentServiceImpl.findAllStudent();
        System.out.println(list);
    }

    @Test
    public void findById() {
        Student student = studentServiceImpl.findById(2);
        System.out.println(student);
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteByid() {
        studentServiceImpl.deleteById(5);
    }

    @Test
    public void insertOne() {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(5);
        student.setName("zhang");
        studentServiceImpl.saveStudent(student);
    }
}

二、基于注解(XML转化为注解)

其他类

service层，dao层代码根据之前经验修改即可，bean.xml删除；

jdbc.properties

driverClass=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbcURL=jdbc:mysql://10.5.16.76:3306/stu_db
user=root
password=1234

副配置类

package zte.com.business.config;

/**1. 包扫描：必须先扫到带spring注解的类，再去扫描类中的其他注解
 * 2. 副配置类：
 *            1. 加@Configuration注解;
 *            2. 在创建AnnotationConfigApplicationContext时候，把该类也加上;
 *            3. 在主配置类中中加上
 * */
public class JDBCConfig {

    @Value("${driverClass}")
    private String driverClass;

    @Value("${jdbcURL}")
    private String jdbcURL;

    @Value("${user}")
    private String user;

    @Value("${password}")
    private String password;

    @Bean
    public DataSource getDataSource() throws PropertyVetoException {
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl(jdbcURL);
        dataSource.setUser(user);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        return dataSource;
    }
}

主配置类

package zte.com.business.config;

import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.*;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
/** a. @Configuration
 *         1. 表明这个是一个配置类，作用和bean.xml一样
 *         2. AnnotationConfigApplicationContext对象创建时添上该类时候，可以不写该注解
 *
 *  b. @ComponentScan
 *         1. value属性和basepackage属性一样,值为数组，如果只有一个，则可以省略{}
 *
 *  c.@Import
 *         1. 加载其他的副配置类
 *
 *  d. @Bean
 *         1. 将方法的返回值存入到容器中，默认key为方法名;
 *         2. value和name属性作用一样;
 *         3. 如果方法有参数，spring会去容器中查找，功能和Autowired一样的
 *
 *  e. @PropertySource
 *        1. 配置文件的路径，value属性指定路径；
 *        2. 要加上classpath；
 */
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"zte.com.business"})
@Import(JDBCConfig.class)
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:jdbc.properties")
public class IOCConfig {

    @Bean(value = "getQueryRunner")
    @Scope(value = "prototype")
    public QueryRunner getQueryRunner(DataSource dataSource){
        return new QueryRunner(dataSource);
    }

}

测试类

测试类中，service层的具体实现依然要用容器去手动去取，但dao层的具体实现就可以用自动注入的方式；
因为junit测试并不知道当前测试是基于Spring的IOC，因此不可能注入service层的对象；
因此引入下面的junit与spring的整合，从而就不用手动去容器中取对象；

package com.test;

public class StudentTest {

    public static ApplicationContext ac;
    public static IStudentService studentServiceImpl;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        // 需要更换具体的容器类，为Config的字节码文件
        ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(IOCConfig.class);
        studentServiceImpl = (IStudentService) ac.getBean("studentServiceImpl");
    }

    @Test
    public void findAll() {
        List<Student> list = studentServiceImpl.findAllStudent();
        System.out.println(list);
    }

    @Test
    public void findById() {
        Student student = studentServiceImpl.findById(2);
        System.out.println(student);
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteByid() {
        studentServiceImpl.deleteById(5);
    }

    @Test
    public void insertOne() {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(5);
        student.setName("zhang");
        studentServiceImpl.saveStudent(student);
    }
}

三、junit整合spring

pom.xml依赖(spring整合junit)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>spring_ioc_xml</groupId>
    <artifactId>zte</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mysql依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.13</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Dbutils依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--c3p0依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--spring整合junit, 5.2.6要求 junit是4.12及以上版本-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.18</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

测试类

package com.test;

/**  1. 添加spring整合junit的pom依赖；
 *   2. 使用junit的一个注解，将junit的main方法替换成spring提供的main方法；
 *   3. 告知spring的运行器，sping的IOC容器是基于xml的还是基于注解的，并说明位置,
 *      spring提供的main方法，会去加载自动创建容器，不用手动创建；
 *      @ContextConfiguration
 *         locations : 指定xml的位置，加上classpath关键字
 * */

//@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")
@ContextConfiguration(classes = IOCConfig.class)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class StudentTest {

    @Autowired
    public  IStudentService studentServiceImpl;

    @Test
    public void findAll() {
        List<Student> list = studentServiceImpl.findAllStudent();
        System.out.println(list);
    }

    @Test
    public void findById() {
        Student student = studentServiceImpl.findById(2);
        System.out.println(student);
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteByid() {
        studentServiceImpl.deleteById(5);
    }

    @Test
    public void insertOne() {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(5);
        student.setName("zhang");
        studentServiceImpl.saveStudent(student);
    }
}