注册中心 - Eureka

3. 集群版Eureka

3.1 server端

• 互相注册，互相守望

server:
  port: 7001

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://secondeureka:7002/eureka,http://thirdeureka:7003/eureka

server:
  port: 7002

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://firsteureka:7001/eureka,http://thirdeureka:7003/eureka

server:
  port: 7003

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://firsteureka:7001/eureka,http://secondeureka:7002/eureka

3.2 client端

• 每个client端注册在所有的注册中心
• 每个client可能存在多个实例

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: nike-consumer

eureka:
  instance:
    appname: nike-app-consumer

  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka,http://127.0.0.1:7002/eureka,http://127.0.0.1:7003/eureka

• DS Replicas: 将每个注册中心的defaultZone中的域名解析，作为注册中心的名字

4. 通过注册中心调用

• 对目标api，用服务名替换ip和port，并利用spring-cloud-loadbalancer实现负载均衡目的

1. 先启动服务注册中心
2. 微服务把自身通过 服务别名， 对应的ip和端口 会以k-v形式保存在注册中心
3. 服务调用时，通过 服务别名解析到具体的rpc的地址，进行服务调用
4. 消费者获得的服务地址， 缓存在本地jvm中，默认30s刷新一次

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    /**
     * 赋予RestTemplate 负载均衡，默认轮询
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
public class ConsumeController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    // 协议，微服务名称， url
    private final String url = "http://NIKE-PROVIDER/provider/name";

    @GetMapping("/name")
    public String getName() {

        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
        return result + "==consumer";
    }
}

5. actutor信息完善

• 一般通过点击status中的服务名，可以知道具体服务的ip和端口
• pom中必须添加actutor依赖

eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: consumer8001  # 实例名称
    prefer-ip-address: true   # 开启后鼠标移动到id上，会显示对应的ip和端口

6. 服务发现

# 1. 主启动类： import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@EnableDiscoveryClient

package com.nike.consumer;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/info")
public class ServiceController {

    /**
     * import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
     */
    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @GetMapping("/service")
    public void getService() {
        /**
         * 发现当前链接的注册中心上的所有的服务名，
         * 对应spring.application.name
         */
        List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices();
        System.out.println(services);
    }

    /**
     * 根据服务名称获取服务的具体实例信息
     * provider9001192.168.5.789001http://192.168.5.78:9001
     */
    @GetMapping("/instance")
    public void getInstance() {
        String serviceName = "NIKE-PROVIDER";
        List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances(serviceName);
        for (ServiceInstance instance: instances){

            System.out.println(instance.getInstanceId() + instance.getHost() + instance.getPort() + instance.getUri());
        }
    }
}

7. 自我保护机制

7.1 机理

1. Client定期向Server端发送心跳包。但一定时间内，因为网络原因，
   Server没有收到心跳包（假死），Server并不会立刻将该Client删除
2. Server节点在短时间内丢失过多Client时，该节点就会进入自我保护模式
3. 设计理念：宁可保留错误的服务信息，不会滥杀无辜

# api调用：如果某个client确实挂了，那么在调用失败时，进行重试机制，
# 负载均衡到该client的其他节点

7.2 server端禁用

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://secondeureka:7002/eureka,http://thirdeureka:7003/eureka

  server:
    enable-self-preservation: false # 默认是true

8 停更

• eureka 2.0停更，停更不停用