2022-2023-1 《Linux内核原理与分析》第三周作业

1.实验

在实验楼的Linux环境下，打开shell，输入以下代码：

 

 运行结果如下，陷入死循环，对代码进行修改。

 创建mypcb.h头文件，用来定义进程控制块PCB，也就是进程结构体的定义。

 

 mymain.c

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 
 
#include "mypcb.h"
 
tPCB task[MAX_TASK_NUM];
tPCB * my_current_task = NULL;
volatile int my_need_sched = 0;
 
void my_process(void);
 
 
void __init my_start_kernel(void)
{
    int pid = 0;
    int i;
    /* Initialize process 0*/
    task[pid].pid = pid;
    task[pid].state = 0;/* -1 unrunnable, 0 runnable, >0 stopped */
    task[pid].task_entry = task[pid].thread.ip = (unsigned long)my_process;
    task[pid].thread.sp = (unsigned long)&task[pid].stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE-1];
    task[pid].next = &task[pid];
    /*fork more process */
    for(i=1;i<MAX_TASK_NUM;i++)
    {
        memcpy(&task[i],&task[0],sizeof(tPCB));
        task[i].pid = i;
	    task[i].thread.sp = (unsigned long)(&task[i].stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE-1]);
        task[i].next = task[i-1].next;
        task[i-1].next = &task[i];
    }
    /* start process 0 by task[0] */
    pid = 0;
    my_current_task = &task[pid];
	asm volatile(
    	"movq %1,%%rsp\n\t" 	/* set task[pid].thread.sp to rsp */
    	"pushq %1\n\t" 	        /* push rbp */
    	"pushq %0\n\t" 	        /* push task[pid].thread.ip */
    	"ret\n\t" 	            /* pop task[pid].thread.ip to rip */
    	: 
    	: "c" (task[pid].thread.ip),"d" (task[pid].thread.sp)	/* input c or d mean %ecx/%edx*/
	);
} 
 
int i = 0;
 
void my_process(void)
{    
    while(1)
    {
        i++;
        if(i%10000000 == 0)
        {
            printk(KERN_NOTICE "this is process %d -\n",my_current_task->pid);
            if(my_need_sched == 1)
            {
                my_need_sched = 0;
        	    my_schedule();
        	}
        	printk(KERN_NOTICE "this is process %d +\n",my_current_task->pid);
        }     
    }
}

 myinterrupt.c

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>

#include "mypcb.h"

extern tPCB task[MAX_TASK_NUM];
extern tPCB * my_current_task;
extern volatile int my_need_sched;
volatile int time_count = 0;

void my_timer_handler(void)
{
    if(time_count%1000 == 0 && my_need_sched != 1)  
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>my_timer_handler here<<<\n");
        my_need_sched = 1;
    } 
    time_count ++ ;  
    return;      
}

void my_schedule(void)   
{
    tPCB * next;
    tPCB * prev;

    if(my_current_task == NULL 
        || my_current_task->next == NULL){
        return;
    }
    printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>my_schedule<<<\n");
    /* schedule */
    next = my_current_task->next;
    prev = my_current_task;
    if(next->state == 0)
    {        
        my_current_task = next; 
        printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>switch %d to %d<<<\n",prev->pid,next->pid);  
        asm volatile(    
            "pushl %%ebp\n\t"         /* save ebp of prev */
            "movl %%esp,%0\n\t"     /* save esp of prev */
            "movl %2,%%esp\n\t"     /* restore  esp of next */
            "movl $1f,%1\n\t"       /* save rip of prev ,%1f指接下来的标号为1的位置*/    
            "pushl %3\n\t" 
            "ret\n\t"                 /* restore  rip of next */
            "1:\t"                  /* next process start here */
            "popl %%ebp\n\t"
            : "=m" (prev->thread.sp),"=m" (prev->thread.ip)
            : "m" (next->thread.sp),"m" (next->thread.ip)
        ); 
    }  
    return;    
}

完成后重新编译。

总结

本章内容最重要的是进程的切换，进程在执行过程中，当时间片用完需要进行进程切换时，需要先保存当前的进程执行的上下文环境，下次进程被调度时，需要恢复进程的上下文环境。这样实现多道程序的并发执行。