A. Combination Lock

Scrooge McDuck keeps his most treasured savings in a home safe with a combination lock. Each time he wants to put there the treasures that he’s earned fair and square, he has to open the lock.

The combination lock is represented by n rotating disks with digits from 0 to 9 written on them. Scrooge McDuck has to turn some disks so that the combination of digits on the disks forms a secret combination. In one move, he can rotate one disk one digit forwards or backwards. In particular, in one move he can go from digit 0 to digit 9 and vice versa. What minimum number of actions does he need for that?

Input
The first line contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 1000) — the number of disks on the combination lock.

The second line contains a string of n digits — the original state of the disks.

The third line contains a string of n digits — Scrooge McDuck’s combination that opens the lock.

Output
Print a single integer — the minimum number of moves Scrooge McDuck needs to open the lock.

Examples
inputCopy
5
82195
64723
outputCopy
13
Note
In the sample he needs 13 moves:

1 disk:
2 disk:
3 disk:
4 disk:
5 disk:

题意很好理解,就是那种转动的密码锁,问你最少几次能够打开,其实也就是看每一位两个数的差的绝对值和5的关系,如果小于5就取这个差,如过大于5就取10-这个差。另外需要注意的就是这个题是一整个密码串一起读,中间没有空格,又因为最大是1000位,所以采用字符数组来存储就行

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#define MAX 1005
 
using namespace std;
 
int subb(char a,char b)
{
	return abs(a-b); //abs是求绝对值的函数,头文件是math.h
}
int main()
{
	char a[MAX],b[MAX];
	int n,i;
 
	while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF)
	{
		
	int sum=0; 
 
	scanf("%s",a);
	scanf("%s",b);
	for(i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		int x=subb(a[i],b[i]);
		if(x<=5) 
		sum+=x;
		else
		sum+=10-x;
	}
	 cout<<sum<<endl;
	}	
	return 0;
 } 
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Sure, I can help you with that! Here's a C++ program that uses recursion and backtracking to find the correct lock combination: ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <cstdlib> #include <ctime> using namespace std; const int NUM_DIGITS = 5; void generateRandomCombination(vector<int>& combination) { for (int i = 0; i < NUM_DIGITS; i++) { combination.push_back(rand() % 10); } } void printCombination(const vector<int>& combination) { for (int i = 0; i < NUM_DIGITS; i++) { cout << combination[i]; } cout << endl; } bool tryCombination(vector<int>& currentCombination, const vector<int>& targetCombination, int digitIndex) { if (digitIndex == NUM_DIGITS) { return currentCombination == targetCombination; } for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { currentCombination[digitIndex] = i; if (tryCombination(currentCombination, targetCombination, digitIndex + 1)) { return true; } } return false; } int main() { srand(time(0)); vector<int> targetCombination; generateRandomCombination(targetCombination); cout << "Target combination: "; printCombination(targetCombination); vector<int> currentCombination(NUM_DIGITS, 0); if (tryCombination(currentCombination, targetCombination, 0)) { cout << "Found the correct combination: "; printCombination(currentCombination); } else { cout << "Unable to find the correct combination." << endl; } return 0; } ``` The `generateRandomCombination` function generates a random lock combination and stores it in a vector. The `printCombination` function simply prints out a given combination. The `tryCombination` function takes in the current combination being tested, the target combination to be found, and the current digit index that is being tested. It recursively tries all possible combinations of digits for the current index, and returns true if the correct combination is found. In the `main` function, we first generate a random target combination, print it out, and initialize the current combination to all zeros. We then call `tryCombination` with the current combination, target combination, and starting index of 0. If the correct combination is found, we print it out. Otherwise, we print a message saying that we were unable to find the correct combination. Here are three example recursive level calls for the recursion tree call with input values: ``` tryCombination({0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 0) ├──tryCombination({0, 0, 0, 0, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 1) │ ├──tryCombination({0, 0, 0, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 2) │ │ ├──tryCombination({0, 0, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) │ │ │ ├──tryCombination({3, 0, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true │ │ │ └──tryCombination({4, 0, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) │ │ └──tryCombination({0, 1, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) │ │ ├──tryCombination({3, 1, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true │ │ └──tryCombination({4, 1, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) │ └──tryCombination({0, 2, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) │ ├──tryCombination({3, 2, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true │ └──tryCombination({4, 2, 5, 2, 3}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) ├──tryCombination({0, 0, 0, 0, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 1) │ ├──tryCombination({0, 0, 0, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 2) │ │ ├──tryCombination({0, 0, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) │ │ │ ├──tryCombination({3, 0, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true │ │ │ └──tryCombination({4, 0, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) │ │ └──tryCombination({0, 1, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) │ │ ├──tryCombination({3, 1, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true │ │ └──tryCombination({4, 1, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) │ └──tryCombination({0, 2, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) │ ├──tryCombination({3, 2, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true │ └──tryCombination({4, 2, 5, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) └──tryCombination({0, 0, 0, 0, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 1) ├──tryCombination({0, 0, 0, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 2) │ ├──tryCombination({0, 0, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) │ │ ├──tryCombination({3, 0, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true │ │ └──tryCombination({4, 0, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) │ └──tryCombination({0, 1, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) │ ├──tryCombination({3, 1, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true │ └──tryCombination({4, 1, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) └──tryCombination({0, 2, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 3) ├──tryCombination({3, 2, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) // returns true └──tryCombination({4, 2, 5, 2, 5}, {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}, 4) ``` In this example, we're trying to find the correct combination for the lock with the target combination {3, 2, 5, 8, 1}. The recursion tree shows the different combinations being tried at each recursive call. At each level, the function tries all possible digits for the current index, and recursively calls itself with the next digit index. If a combination is found that matches the target combination, the function returns true and stops recursing.

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