container_of详解

container_of详解

 zxf@zxf-virtual-machine:11_container_of$ ls
    container_of  container_of.c
    zxf@zxf-virtual-machine:11_container_of$ vim container_of.c
    zxf@zxf-virtual-machine:11_container_of$ gcc -o container_of container_of.c 
    zxf@zxf-virtual-machine:11_container_of$ cat container_of.c
    #include <stdio.h>

#define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) ((size_t) &((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER)

/* include/linux/kernel.h:
 * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
 * @ptr: the pointer to the member.
 * @type:	the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
 * @member:    the name of the member within the struct.
 *
 */
#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({	    \
		const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);    \
		(type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})

struct student {
	char name[32];
	int age;
	double score;
};

int main(void)
{
	struct student *stu;
	struct student stu1 = {"zxf", 18, 89.4};
	double *page = &(stu1.score); 

	stu = container_of(page, struct student, score);

	printf("stu1's name is %s\n",stu->name);
	printf("stu1's age is %d\n",stu->age);
	printf("stu1's score is %.2f\n",stu->score);

	return 0;
}

zxf@zxf-virtual-machine:11_container_of$ ./container_of 
stu1's name is zxf
stu1's age is 18
stu1's score is 89.40
zxf@zxf-virtual-machine:11_container_of$ 

1. #define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) ((size_t) &((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER)
2. #define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({
   const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);
   (type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})

程序中：container_of(page, struct student, score);其实也就是
3. const typeof( ((struct student*)0)->score) _mptr =(&(stu1.score));
4. typeof()可以获得括号里面的数据的数据类型比如说：int x; typeof(x)等于int。
5. 在这里也就变成了const double _mptr = (&(stu1.score));
把stu1.score的地址给了_mptr；
6. (type )( (char )__mptr - offsetof(type,member) )；在这里也就是
（struct student) （（char）_mptr - ((size_t) &((struct student *)0)->score）;也就是（struct student *)( 该结构体的socre地址 - socre前面成员的地址大小 );从而得到了（struct student *)（结构体的首地址）；