Qt的数据库事务

事务的最大的功能就是保证数据库操作的原子性。
启动事务之后，如果没有异常，则可以正常提交；如果操作过程中有任何的异常，则回滚至开始的状态。
Qt的数据库事务操作示例代码如下（仅做演示用，没有进行相应的判断功能）：

#include <QSqlDatabase>
#include <QSqlQuery>
#include <QSqlError>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QSqlDriver>

#include "QSqlTest.h"

const QString DB_CONNECT_NAME = "db_test.db";

#define PTR_SAFE_DELETE(ptr) if (nullptr != (ptr)) { delete (ptr); (ptr) = nullptr; }

class QSqlTestPrivate
{
public:
	QSqlDatabase	m_db;
	bool			m_ok;
};

QSqlTest::QSqlTest(QWidget *parent)
	: QMainWindow(parent)
	, d_ptr(new QSqlTestPrivate)
{
	ui.setupUi(this);

	connect(ui.insertBtn, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(onInsertBtnClicked()));
	connect(ui.clearBtn, SIGNAL(clicked()), ui.plainTextEdit, SLOT(clear()));
	connect(ui.getBtn, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(onGetBtnClicked()));

	ui.plainTextEdit->setReadOnly(true);

	d_ptr->m_db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE", DB_CONNECT_NAME);
	d_ptr->m_db.setDatabaseName(DB_CONNECT_NAME);

	d_ptr->m_ok = d_ptr->m_db.open();
	if (d_ptr->m_ok)
	{
		if (d_ptr->m_db.tables().isEmpty())
		{
			initDb();
		}
		else
		{
			auto list = d_ptr->m_db.tables();
			for (const auto& tab : list)
			{
				ui.plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(tab);
			}
		}
	}
}

QSqlTest::~QSqlTest()
{
	if (d_ptr->m_ok)
	{
		d_ptr->m_db.close();
		d_ptr->m_ok = false;
	}

	PTR_SAFE_DELETE(d_ptr)
}

void QSqlTest::onInsertBtnClicked()
{
	if (d_ptr->m_ok)
	{
		// 判断驱动是否支持事务操作
		if (d_ptr->m_db.driver()->hasFeature(QSqlDriver::Transactions))
		{
			// 启动事务
			if (d_ptr->m_db.transaction())
			{
				QSqlQuery query(d_ptr->m_db);
				QString sql = QString("insert into db_info_test values('%1')").arg(ui.lineEdit->text());
				if (!query.exec(sql))
				{
					QMessageBox::warning(this, "insert", query.lastError().text());
				}

				// 提交操作
				if (!d_ptr->m_db.commit())
				{
					QMessageBox::warning(this, "commit", "commit failed");

					// 提交失败，则回滚
					if (!d_ptr->m_db.rollback())
					{
						QMessageBox::warning(this, "rollback", "rollback failed");
					}
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			QMessageBox::information(this, "transaction", "current sql driver not support transaction");
		}
	}
}

void QSqlTest::onGetBtnClicked()
{
	if (d_ptr->m_ok)
	{
		QSqlQuery query(d_ptr->m_db);
		QString sql("select * from db_info_test");
		if (query.exec(sql))
		{
			while (query.next())
			{
				ui.plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(query.value(0).toString());
			}
		}
	}
}

void QSqlTest::initDb()
{
	if (d_ptr->m_ok)
	{
		QSqlQuery query(d_ptr->m_db);
		QString sql("create table db_info_test(data test not null)");
		if (!query.exec(sql))
		{
			QMessageBox::warning(this, "create table", "create table failed.");
		}
		else
		{
			QMessageBox::information(this, "create table", "create table successful.");
		}
	}
}

参考链接