验证码登录及实例

图形验证码、极验验证码
（1）手动输入
（2）光学识别 OCR
毕竟是机器，一般识别率 80% 仅限于简单的图形验证码
指令识别，tesseract 图片名字 lala 0%
代码识别，60%
pip install pytesseract
pip install pillow
（3）打码平台
云打码

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import urllib.request
import pytesseract
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageEnhance
import time

def shibie(imagepath):
	# 打开图片
	img = Image.open(imagepath)
	img = img.convert('RGB')
	enhancer = ImageEnhance.Color(img)
	enhancer = enhancer.enhance(0)
	enhancer = ImageEnhance.Brightness(enhancer)
	enhancer = enhancer.enhance(2)
	enhancer = ImageEnhance.Contrast(enhancer)
	enhancer = enhancer.enhance(8)
	enhancer = ImageEnhance.Sharpness(enhancer)
	img = enhancer.enhance(20)

	# 转化为灰度图片
	img = img.convert('L')

	# 二值化处理
	threshold = 140
	table = []
	for i in range(256):
	    if i < threshold:
	        table.append(0)
	    else:
	        table.append(1)
	out = img.point(table, '1')
	return pytesseract.image_to_string(img)

# 要使用会话。
s = requests.Session()
i = 1
while 1:
	url = 'https://so.gushiwen.org/user/login.aspx?from=http://so.gushiwen.org/user/collect.aspx'
	headers = {
		'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.67 Safari/537.36',
	}
	r_get = s.get(url=url, headers=headers)
	soup = BeautifulSoup(r_get.text, 'lxml')
	# 提取验证码图片的src属性
	image_src = 'https://so.gushiwen.org' + soup.select('#imgCode')[0]['src']

	# 将图片下载到本地
	# urllib.request.urlretrieve(image_src, 'code.png')
	r_image = s.get(url=image_src, headers=headers)
	with open('code.png', 'wb') as fp:
		fp.write(r_image.content)

	# 获取表单隐藏框里面的数据
	views = soup.select('#__VIEWSTATE')[0]['value']
	viewg = soup.select('#__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR')[0]['value']

	# 让用户输入验证码
	code = shibie('code.png')

	# 发送post请求
	post_url = 'https://so.gushiwen.org/user/login.aspx?from=http%3a%2f%2fso.gushiwen.org%2fuser%2fcollect.aspx'
	formdata = {
		'__VIEWSTATE': views,
		'__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR': viewg,
		'from': 'http://so.gushiwen.org/user/collect.aspx',
		'email': '1090509990@qq.com',
		'pwd': '123456',
		'code': code,
		'denglu': '登录',
	}
	r_post = s.post(url=post_url, headers=headers, data=formdata)
	# 判断有没有登录成功
	if '退出登录' in r_post.text:
		print('恭喜你第--%s--次登录成功' % i)
		break
	print('不要灰心，这是你第--%s--次失败' % i)
	i += 1
	time.sleep(2)