c++学习第二天

1.八位二进制转换

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
double power (double x, int n){


	double value = 1.0;
	while (n--)
		value *= x;
		
	return value;
}
//double power (double x, int n);
int main(){
	
	int value = 0;
	
	
	cout << "Enter the number:" << endl;
	for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--){
		char ch;
		cin >> ch;
		if (ch == '1'){
		value += static_cast<int>(power(2,i));
		}
	}	
	cout << value << endl;
	return 0;
		
} 

2.回文数

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
bool symm(int n){
	int i = n;
	int m = 0;
	while (i != 0){
		m = m*10 + i%10;
		i /= 10;
	}
	return m == n;
}
int main(){
	for (int i = 11; i <= 1000; i++){
		if (symm(i*i) && symm(i*i*i) && symm(i)){
			cout << i <<"    " <<i*i <<"     "<<i*i*i <<endl;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

3.求Π的值

#include<iostream>
#include<cmath> 
using namespace std;
double arctan(double x){
	double e = x;
	double spr = -x*x;
	double r = 0;
	int i = 1;
	while (abs(e/i) > 1e-15){
		double f = e/i;
		//r = (i % 4 == 1) ? r +f : r - f;
		r = r + f;
		e = e * spr;
		i += 2;
	}
	return r;
} 
int main(){
	double a = 16.0 * arctan(1/5.0);
	double b = 4.0 * arctan(1/239.0);
	cout <<(a - b);
}

4.骰子比赛

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>

using namespace std;

int rollDice(){
	
	int die1 = 1 + rand()%6;
	int die2 = 1 + rand()%6;
	int sum = die1 + die2;
	
	cout << "Player rolled " <<die1<< " + " << die2 << " = " <<sum<<endl;
	return sum;
	
} 

enum GameStatus{WIN, LOSE,PIAYING};

int main(){
	
	int sum, mypoint;
	GameStatus status;
	unsigned seed; 
	
	cout <<"Please Enter an unsigned seed:"<<endl;
	cin >> seed;
	srand(seed);
	
	sum = rollDice();
	
	switch(sum){
		
		case 7:
		case 11:
			status = WIN;
			break; 
			
		case 2:
		case 3:
		case 12:
			status = LOSE;
			break;
		
		default:
			status = PIAYING;
			mypoint = sum;
			cout << "mypoint is "<< mypoint<<endl;
			break;
		 		
	}
	
	while (status == PIAYING){
		sum = rollDice();
		if (sum == mypoint){
			status = WIN;
		}
		else if (sum == 7){
			status = LOSE;
		}
		
	}
	
	if (status == WIN){
		cout <<"player win"<<endl;
		
	}
	else{
		cout <<"player lose"<<endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

5.输出星星

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
	
	const int N = 4;
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++){
		for (int j = 1; j <= 20; j++){
			cout << " ";
		}
		for (int j = 1; j <= 8-2*i; j++){
			cout << " ";
		}
		for (int j = 1; j <= 2*i-1; j++){
			cout <<"*";
		}
		cout << endl;
		
	}
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= N-1; i++){
		for (int j = 1; j <= 20; j++){
			cout << " ";
		}
		for (int j = 1; j <= 7-2*i; j++ ){
			cout <<"*";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	return 0;	
	
} 

6.参数传递

• 值传递
• 引用传递
  引用可以认为是另外一个变量的别名，int &r = i；r是i的别名，指向同一处内存空间

7.内联函数

• inline 类型说明符 函数名（形参列表）{函数体}
• 编译时把这段代码嵌入主调函数中

8.带默认形参的函数

• 有默认值得形参必须放在形参列表得最后
• 原型声明时形参带默认值，后续定义不可以再带默认值

9.函数重载

• 函数名相同，形参列表变量的数量或者类型必须不同

10.面对对象程序设计特点

• 抽象：共性概括，数据抽象，行为抽象
• 封装：将数据与行为结合，形成类
• 继承：父类子类
• 多态：强制转换（数据显式，隐式转换）、重载多态、类型参数化多态、包含多态

11.类与对象

• 类：自定义的数据类型，包括属性及行为，相当于数据类型
• 对象：类的一个具体事例，相当于定义的变量

12.访问控制

• public：对外接口
• protected
• private