MIT｜Missing Semester计算机教育中缺失的一课

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-17 12:47:59 发布

骜蛟

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-17 12:47:59 发布

阅读量785

点赞数

分类专栏：计算机基础文章标签： vim 编辑器 linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43538042/article/details/130472533

版权

计算机基础专栏收录该内容

5 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

Missing Semester 学习

课程主页：https://missing.csail.mit.edu

课程记录

一、Course overview + the shell

1.1 shell命令入门

echo "hello world"
echo 'hello world'
echo hello\ world

1.2 how system can find echo?

echo $PATH
which echo
/bin/echo "hello world"

1.3 navigting in the shell

cd
pwd
绝对路径和相对路径
ls和ls -l

1.4 connecting programs

programs always associated with tow stream: input stream and output stream
redirection < file and > file
when cat is not given any arguments, it prints contents from its input stream to its output stream
cat < hello.txt
| pipe command

二、Shell Tools and Scripting

shell scripting, about learning a new language:

basic data type
Control flow
- If
- case
- while
- for
syntax

2.1 variable

foo=bar # foo = bar is wrong
echo "$foo" # this print bar
echo '$foo' # this print $foo

2.2 function

mcd () {
	mkdir -p "$1"
	cd "$1"
}

$0 name of program
$1-9 arguments to the script
$# number of arguments
$$ pid
$@ all the arguments
$? the last command’s exit status

2.3 Logical command

|| 
&&
; # simplely seperate current command and the next command

2.4 command substitution

echo "start program at $(date)"

2.5 Process substitution

<(cmd) # this will execute cmd and place the output in a temporary file and substitute the
# <() with that file's name

2.6 wildcards and curly braces

*
{}

2.7 shebang line

#!/usr/local/bin/python

differences between shell functions and scripts

functions are executed in the current shell environment
scripts execute in their own process

2.8 shell tools

find 
grep

TLDR pages
fasd
autojump
tree
nnn

五、Command-line Environment

5.1 job control

你的shell使用一种叫做信号的机制在进程间沟通。信号是一种软中断机制。

ctrl-c 传递SIGINT信号
ctrl-\ 传递SIGQUIT信号
ctrl-z 传递SIGTSTP信号，short for Terminal Stop

SIGTERM signal ask a process to exit. Using kill command to send it.

kill
jobs
fg
bg
nohup

5.2 terminal multiplexers

tmux教学

leading key <C-b> x means you press ctrl and b, then release them together, and then press x

panes

竖直分裂一个窗口 <C-b> %
水平分裂一个窗口 <C-b> "
关闭当前窗口 exit or ctrl-d

windows - equivalent to tabs in browsers(threads in process)

<C-b> c  创建一个虚拟桌面
<C-b> p  切换上一个
<C-b> n		切换下一个

sessions - a session is an independent workspace with one or more windows

tmux  # start a new session
tmux new -s NAME # start a new session with name
tmux ls #ls current sessions
detach a session with <C-b> d
attach a session `tmux a` , with -t to specify which