Java三个线程依次序打印1-100

方法一、互斥锁+条件变量

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

class Task{
    private int count=1;
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
    public void print(int id){
        while(true){
            lock.lock();
            try {
                while (count % 3 != id) {
                    condition.await();
                }
                if (count > 100) break;
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + count);
                count++;
                condition.signalAll();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
    }
}
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Task task = new Task();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(()->{task.print(0);}, "thread 1");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(()->{task.print(1);}, "thread 2");
        Thread thread3 = new Thread(()->{task.print(2);}, "thread 3");

        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
        thread3.start();
    }


}

方法二、利用synchronized关键字

Java的每个对象都有一个内部锁，如果一个方法声明时有synchronized关键字，那么对象的锁将保护整个方法。

class Task {
    private int count = 1;
    public synchronized void print(int id) {
        while (true) {
            try {
                while (count % 3 != id) {
                    wait();
                }
                if (count > 100) break;
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + count);
                count++;
                notifyAll();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Task task = new Task();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(()->{task.print(0);}, "thread 1");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(()->{task.print(1);}, "thread 2");
        Thread thread3 = new Thread(()->{task.print(2);}, "thread 3");

        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
        thread3.start();
    }
}

方法三、同步块语法

java的同步块语法可以获取一个对象的锁使用。

class Task {
    private int count = 1;
    private static final Object LOCK = new Object();
    public void print(int id) {
        while (true) {
           synchronized (LOCK){
               try {
                   while (count % 3 != id) {
                       LOCK.wait();
                   }
                   if (count > 100) break;
                   System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + count);
                   count++;
                   LOCK.notifyAll();
               } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                   throw new RuntimeException(e);
               }
           }

        }
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Task task = new Task();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(()->{task.print(0);}, "thread 1");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(()->{task.print(1);}, "thread 2");
        Thread thread3 = new Thread(()->{task.print(2);}, "thread 3");

        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
        thread3.start();
    }
}