现象
c++内核多个连接分别通过oracle jdbc8连接和查询oracle11g。
只有主线程，也就是调用JNI_CreateJavaVM的线程能够正常连接，并执行查询返回结果集。
其他线程都会在连接的时候，也就是getConnection的时候报错，通过JNI的异常捕捉机制获取异常信息显示：
Exception in thread "Thread-3" java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:oracle:thin:@11.165.114.206:41521:xe
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:689)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:247)各个线程通过FindClass都能够找到DriverManager类，也能够找到getConnection方法，所以不存在多线程找不到类的问题。而且报错信息也不是找不到类。
如果主线程调用了DetachCurrentThread方法，那么调用之后连主线程自己也开始报这个No suitable driver的错。从这个现象看，跟线程有关。
分析
看了DriverManager的代码，getConnection的时候报错，有两种可能
- registeredDrivers为空
- 所有的driver都是isDriverAllowed为false
private static Connection getConnection(
String url, java.util.Properties info, Class<?> caller) throws SQLException {
/*
* When callerCl is null, we should check the application's
* (which is invoking this class indirectly)
* classloader, so that the JDBC driver class outside rt.jar
* can be loaded from here.
*/
ClassLoader callerCL = caller != null ? caller.getClassLoader() : null;
synchronized(DriverManager.class) {
// synchronize loading of the correct classloader.
if (callerCL == null) {
callerCL = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
}
}
if(url == null) {
throw new SQLException("The url cannot be null", "08001");
}
println("DriverManager.getConnection(\"" + url + "\")");
// Walk through the loaded registeredDrivers attempting to make a connection.
// Remember the first exception that gets raised so we can reraise it.
SQLException reason = null;
for(DriverInfo aDriver : registeredDrivers) {
// If the caller does not have permission to load the driver then
// skip it.
if(isDriverAllowed(aDriver.driver, callerCL)) {
try {
println(" trying " + aDriver.driver.getClass().getName());
Connection con = aDriver.driver.connect(url, info);
if (con != null) {
// Success!
println("getConnection returning " + aDriver.driver.getClass().getName());
return (con);
}
} catch (SQLException ex) {
if (reason == null) {
reason = ex;
}
}
} else {
println(" skipping: " + aDriver.getClass().getName());
}
}
// if we got here nobody could connect.
if (reason != null) {
println("getConnection failed: " + reason);
throw reason;
}
println("getConnection: no suitable driver found for "+ url);
throw new SQLException("No suitable driver found for "+ url, "08001");
}
}首先怀疑第一个方向：registeredDrivers为空
registeredDrivers是一个类static变量，所以怀疑是不是多线程的时候，访问静态变量有问题。
怀疑是不是jdbc压根不能多线程调用
写了个java多线程程序，调用正常，这个怀疑不成立.
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.sql.Driver;
public class testmt extends Thread{
public static void query() {
String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@11.165.114.206:41521:xe";
try {
Connection conn1 = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "fareuser", "rohit123");
System.out.println(conn1);
Statement statement = conn1.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery("select * from fareuser.table1");
ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
int numCols = rsmd.getColumnCount();
for (int i = 1; i <= numCols; i++) {
if (i > 1) {
System.out.print(",");
}
System.out.print(rsmd.getColumnLabel(i));
}
System.out.println("");
while (rs.next()) {
for (int i = 1; i <= numCols; i++) {
if (i > 1) {
System.out.print(",");
}
System.out.print(rs.getString(i));
}
System.out.println("");
}
rs.close();
statement.close();
conn1.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
System.out.println("query finally");
}
}
public void run() {
java.sql.PreparedStatement ps = null;
java.sql.Connection cn = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
java.lang.Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@11.165.114.206:41521:xe";
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "fareuser", "rohit123");
System.out.println(conn);
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
System.out.println("set autocommit done");
query();
System.out.println("query1 done");
query();
System.out.println("query2 done");
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
System.out.println("ok");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
testmt mt1 = new testmt();
testmt mt2 = new testmt();
testmt mt3 = new testmt();
mt1.start();
System.out.println("conn1 start");
mt2.start();
System.out.println("conn2 start");
mt3.start();
System.out.println("conn3 start");
}
}怀疑是不是多个线程间没有同步registeredDrivers的值
整个进程用同一个DriverManager类
主线程FindClass之后把DriverManager类保存下来，各个线程都用这一个类。——无效
每个线程都调用Class.forName
包括主线程在内都调用失败，报错，原因未知
Exception in thread "Thread-3" java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: oracle/jdbc/driver/OracleDriver
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:264)每个线程都调用registerDriver方法
不知道调用是否成功——无效。
怀疑isDriverAllowed为false
上大招，改写DriverManager.java，增加调试日志，重编jdk里的DriverManager
寻找DriverManager.java文件
[root]# find -name DriverManager.java
./home/java/jdk/jdk/src/share/classes/java/sql/DriverManager.java添加调试信息
改掉日志打印函数
重编
javac DriverManager.java有一坨warning，不用管，生成四个class：
DriverInfo.class DriverManager$1.class DriverManager$2.class DriverManager.class找到DriverManager.class所在的位置
在jvm的启动参数里增加-verbose:class参数，看看各个类都是怎么加载的。
从日志里看到DriverManager类在rt.jar中。
寻找rt.jar
[root@linkeonepounch-0-100083094089 /]# find -name rt.jar
./usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.312.b07-1.el7_9.x86_64/jre/lib/rt.jar解压rt.jar
拷贝rt.jar到另一个文件夹，加压
jar -xvf rt.jar得到六个文件夹 + META-INF
META-INF com java javax jdk org sun替换.class
DriverManager.class放在java/sql下，直接替换即可
mv *.class ./test_jar/java/sql/重新打包
jar -cvfm rt.jar META-INF/MANIFEST.MF com java javax jdk org sun替换rt.jar
cp ./test_jar/rt.jar ./usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.312.b07-1.el7_9.x86_64/jre/lib/rt.jar重新跑看日志
DriverManager.initialize: jdbc.drivers = null
JDBC DriverManager initialized
registerDriver: oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver@3b9a45b3
2022-09-22T06:56:19.362518Z 8 [ERROR] [MY-013776] [Server] JClass (jclass.cc:51) Using global dm (global_class_path:/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/desens/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.21.jar:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/desens/lib/com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.16.jar:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/desens/lib/desensitization-sdk-0.7.4.20220816-SNAPSHOT.jar:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/oracle/lib/ojdbc8.jar:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/desens/lib/, class_name:java/sql/DriverManager, get_ENV():0x7f06800122d8)
getConnection: caller null
getConnection: caller null
getConnection: caller sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@764c12b6
getConnection: callername:sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@11.165.114.206:41521:xe")
getConnection current driver oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
test driver allow oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
using classLoader sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader
oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
trying oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
test driver allow oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
using classLoader sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader
oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
SQLWarning: reason(ORA-28002: the password will expire within 4 days
) SQLState(99999) vendor code(28002)
getConnection returning oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
2022-09-22T06:56:20.147836Z 8 [ERROR] [MY-013776] [Server] call (jclass.cc:1025) ==========>>>>>>>>>>call method end (obj:0x7f06800137a0, jvm_singleton:0x7f068002c360, VM:0x7f068002c360, jMain:0x7f0680273210)
2022-09-22T06:56:20.147876Z 8 [ERROR] [MY-013776] [Server] JClass (jclass.cc:54) Using new dm (global_class_path:/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/desens/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.21.jar:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/desens/lib/com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.16.jar:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/desens/lib/desensitization-sdk-0.7.4.20220816-SNAPSHOT.jar:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/oracle/lib/ojdbc8.jar:/jiamao_test/trypticon/build_docker/deps/desens/lib/, class_name:java/sql/Connection, get_ENV():0x7f06800122d8)
2022-09-22T06:56:20.180290Z 9 [Warning] [MY-013360] [Server] Plugin sha256_password reported: ''sha256_password' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use caching_sha2_password instead'
2022-09-22T06:56:20.184455Z 9 [ERROR] [MY-013776] [Server] dispatch_command (sql_parse.cc:1909) etner COM_QUERY (ret:1521)
2022-09-22T06:56:20.186986Z 9 [ERROR] [MY-013776] [Server] dispatch_command (sql_parse.cc:1909) etner COM_QUERY (ret:1521)
2022-09-22T06:56:20.187564Z 9 [Warning] [MY-013776] [Server] query (oracle_engine.cc:209) not supported dameng set-attr statement. (ret:257)
2022-09-22T06:56:20.187813Z 9 [ERROR] [MY-013776] [Server] dispatch_command (sql_parse.cc:1909) etner COM_QUERY (ret:1521)
2022-09-22T06:56:20.188400Z 9 [Warning] [MY-013776] [Server] query (oracle_engine.cc:209) not supported dameng set-attr statement. (ret:257)
2022-09-22T06:56:20.188731Z 9 [ERROR] [MY-013776] [Server] dispatch_command (sql_parse.cc:1909) etner COM_QUERY (ret:1521)
2022-09-22T06:56:20.189324Z 9 [ERROR] [MY-013776] [Server] GetENV (jvm.h:63) 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Attaching (res:-2)
getConnection: caller null
getConnection: caller null
getConnection: caller null
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@11.165.114.206:41521:xe")
getConnection current driver oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
test driver allow oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
Exception in thread "Thread-3" java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.sql.DriverManager.isDriverAllowed(DriverManager.java:556)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:674)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:247)从日志里可以看出，8号线程，也就是主线程在isDriverAllowed里传入的classLoader是有效的，而9号线成传入的则是null。同时加入的日志也证明了第一个猜想里的registeredDrivers不是空。
看代码为什么传入的classLoader是空？答案很明显了：Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()返回值为null。
解决
直接原因明确了，google一下，相关答案不多：
JNI and reflection - Oracle Forums
Setting context class loader from jvm launcher - Oracle Forums
在AttachCurrentThread完之后调用一下setContextClassLoader，把systemClassLoader设上，果然就可以了。
这个问题遇到的人很少，贴一下别人的惊奇：
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