成人自考-英语二-连词

接上一篇：成人自考-英语二-形容词

一、连词分类

1.并列连词-连接词与词、句与句

（1）词 + 并列连词 + 词

An apple and a pen.

（2）句子1 + 并列连词 + 句子2

I love you and you love me.

2.从属连词-连接从句

（1）连词 + 句子（从句），句子

Although I love you，you don’t love me.

（2）句子（主句）+ 连词 + 句子（从句）

Harry is a boy who has magic power.

二、主从复合句

读懂长难句，只找到从句即可。不必纠结于区分从句的种类。

1.名词性从句

（1）介绍

简单句：Her job is important.
主语从句： What she does is important.
翻译：她的工作很重要。

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简单句：This is her job.
表语从句: This is what she does everyday.
翻译：这是她的工作。

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简单句：She likes her job.
宾语从句： She likes what she does everyday.
翻译：她喜欢她的工作。

a. 做动词的宾语：I believe that you will give me apples.
b. 做介词的宾语：Give a reading list to whoever comes.
c. 做形容词的宾语：I’m sure that he will come.

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简单句：The girl likes the boy, a singer.
同位语从句： The girl doesn’t know the fact that he is a legend.

（2）demo

主语变句子：
What we need is money.

表语变句子：
Money is what we need.

宾语变句子：
I know that he has much money.

同位语变句子：
I learned the news that he has much money.

2.找名从方法

连接词：
that、whether、if
which、what、who、whom、whose
whatever、whoever、whichever
when、where、why、how

（1）从连接词 -> 标点/句末

I wonder whether it is true or not.
我不知道这是真的还是假的.

Money is what we need.
钱是我们所需要的。

We always mean what we say.
我们总是说到做到。

I believe that you will give me stars.
我相信你会给我星星。

After what seemed an endless wait , it was finally his turn to have the job interview.
经过似乎无休止的等待，终于轮到他去面试了。

（2）从连接词 -> 下一个连接词前

I had not realized [how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of ] [what is nature to kids.]
我并没有意识到营销趋势是如何深刻影响我们对儿童天性的认知的。

（3）从连接词 -> 第二个(主句)谓语动词前

What the government will do at the critical moment is to try all ways to reduce the unemployment rate.
在关键时刻，政府要做的是尽一切努力降低失业率。

What makes the book great is the imagination of the writer.
使这本书伟大的是作者的想象力。

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3.定语从句

[
Harry is a boy.
The boy has magic power.
]
Harry is a boy who has magic power.
Harry是个有魔力的小男孩。

[
There was a school.
Harry studied magic in school.
]
There was a school where Harry studied magic.
There was a school in which Harry studied magic.
哈利在一所学校里学习魔法。

PS：where = 介词 + which

连接词（关系词）的作用：
1.引导定语从句，连接主从句
2.代替先行词
3.在定语从句中担当一个成分

4.找定语从句

The opera that we saw yesterday was terribly boring.

主句：The opera was terribly boring.
从句：We saw the opera yesterday.

我们昨天看的歌剧无聊极了。

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The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

主句：The little problems may be inspirations for great inventions.
从句：We meet the little problems in our daily lives.

我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。

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The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is available ahead of expectations.

这种新疫苗与每年的流感疫苗不同，比预期提前上市。

找定语从句的方法:
1.不必纠结于定语从句和同位语从句的区别，不影响选项判断。
2.找到定语从句的先行词，能更准确的看懂句意。

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5.状语从句

状语：一个词修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。
主要是用来修饰动词，表达动作的时间、地点、频率、方式、原因、程度等等等的成分就叫状语。

状语从句：一个句子修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。
状语从句根据其作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。

状语从句	关联词
原因	because / for / since / as / now that / in that
目的	so that / in order that
结果	so … that / such … that / so that
时间	when / as / while / since / until
地点	where
条件	if / as long as / once / unless / whether…(or not)
方式	as if / as though (似乎，好像) / as (按照…方式，如同…)
让步	though / although / even if / even though(即使，虽然) / than / as
比较	than / as

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