Python爬虫基本流程梳理：构造请求头、发起请求、json格式数据解码转码、读写CSV文件——基于AJAX网页爬虫

说明

爬虫时有的数据在网页源代码中可以找到；
有的需要抓包获取数据（AJAX网页，个人理解：点击下一页时只需对页面的局部进行更新，网址不发生改变）。

构造请求头、发起请求、获取数据

import csv

url=url
headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36"
}
params = {
        "type": "movie",
        "tag": "热门",
        "sort": "recommend",
        "page_limit": "20",
        "page_start": page_start
    }

response = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers, params=params)

json格式数据解码转码

content=response.content
#results = response.json()
json_str=content.decode('utf-8')
data=json.loads(json_str)

读入CSV文件

with open('limit.csv',mode='r',encoding='gbk',newline='') as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    for row in reader:
    ......

或者

f=open ('result.csv',mode='r',encoding='gbk',newline='')
reader = csv.reader(f)
......
f.close()

写入CSV文件

with open('filename','w',encoding='utf-8',newline='') as f:
	writer=csv.writer(f)
	title = ['title1',  'title2', 'title3','title4']
	writer.writerow(title)
	for da in data['result']:
		row=[x1. x2, x3, x4]
		writer.writerow(row)

或者

f=open ('result.csv',mode='w',encoding='gbk',newline='')
writer=csv.writer(f)
title = ['title1',  'title2', 'title3','title4']
writer.writerow(title)
	for da in data['result']:
		row=[x1. x2, x3, x4]
		writer.writerow(row)
f.close()