linux安装 mysqlclient报错问题

错误代码如下

Collecting mysqlclient==2.2.4
  Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/79/33/996dc0ba3f03e2399adc91a7de1f61cb14b57ebdb4cc6eca8a78723043cb/mysqlclient-2.2.4.tar.gz (90 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [24 lines of output]
      Trying pkg-config --exists mysqlclient
      Command 'pkg-config --exists mysqlclient' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Trying pkg-config --exists mariadb
      Command 'pkg-config --exists mariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Trying pkg-config --exists libmariadb
      Command 'pkg-config --exists libmariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/www/wwwroot/PySoft/ameienv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()

原因是因为
MariaDB数据库是centos操作系统中自带的，但是！！！ MySQL 和 MariaDB 是不同的数据库系统，它们各自提供的开发库有文件冲突，不能同时安装。索性手动安装！

1. 卸载MariaDB库

# 查看
 rpm -qa | grep mariadb
 mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
 mariadb-devel-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

#卸载
rpm -e mariadb-devel-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

卸载之后，不可用yum，也不可pip安装 mysql-devel，因为yum或者pip安装mysql-devel ，会比较扯，使用yum安装的时候 ，mariadb会再次被安装

2. 去官网下载对应的系统，mysql版本，安装mysql-devel
   我的mysql版本，以及服务器系统，如图
   可单独下载，也可下载压缩包
   

下载之后传到服务器上，解压

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

一定要按顺序安装，因为它们互相依赖

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如过安装过程中报错，如下图

使用强制安装

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

查看

然后用pip安装 mysqlclient

#我用的是2.2.4版本，按需选择版本
pip install mysqlclient==2.2.4

至此解决问题！