Ubuntu20.04使用nmcli配置网络连接

Ubuntu Server 20.04使用nmcli配置网络连接

预备需求

• Ubuntu Server 20.04
• root权限
• 可以访问互联网

步骤

1. 安装network-manager

   sudo apt install network-manager
   

2. 使用ip addr查看要配置的网卡

   cc@ubuntu:~$ ip addr
   1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
       link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
       inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
          valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
       inet6 ::1/128 scope host
          valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
   2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
       link/ether 00:0c:29:59:f9:bf brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
       inet 192.168.93.132/24 brd 192.168.93.255 scope global dynamic ens33
          valid_lft 1688sec preferred_lft 1688sec
       inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe59:f9bf/64 scope link
          valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
   cc@ubuntu:~$
   

   我的网卡为ens33

3. 启用network-manager，编辑NetworkManager.conf文件

   sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
   

   将managed=false修改为managed=true

   然后重启NetworkManager服务

   sudo systemctl restart network-manager.service
   

4. 编辑/etc/netplan/*.yaml，在我的机器上为：

   cc@ubuntu:~$ sudo nano /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml
   

5. 修改内容如下

   network:
     version: 2
     renderer: NetworkManager
   

6. 应用配置

   cc@ubuntu:~$ sudo netplan apply
   

此时已经可以通过nmcli管理网络了

使用nmcli -p device查看设备状态

cc@ubuntu:~$ nmcli -p device
=====================
  Status of devices
=====================
DEVICE  TYPE      STATE      CONNECTION
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ens33   ethernet  connected  Wired connection 1
lo      loopback  unmanaged  --
cc@ubuntu:~$

例子：使用nmcli配置静态ip地址

1. 创建一个连接，语法如下

   sudo nmcli connection add con-name <连接名> ifname <网卡名> type <连接类型> ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses <ipv4地址> ipv4.gateway <ipv4网关地址> ipv4.dns <ipv4 dns服务器>
   

   例如：

   sudo nmcli connection add con-name test ifname ens33 type ethernet ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.93.4/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.93.2 ipv4.dns 192.168.93.2
   

2. 激活连接，语法如下

   sudo nmcli connection up <连接名> ifname <网卡名>
   

   例如：

   sudo nmcli connection up test ifname ens33
   

后续步骤：

查看连接状态

cc@ubuntu:~$ nmcli connection
NAME                UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
test                4bd559fe-191d-460c-a4cd-56ae44c27859  ethernet  ens33
Wired connection 1  e3f905c8-ba3f-3a5f-ab41-8397381e6fe6  ethernet  --

删除多余连接

cc@ubuntu:~$ sudo nmcli connection delete Wired\ connection\ 1

查看ip地址

cc@ubuntu:~$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:59:f9:bf brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.93.4/24 brd 192.168.93.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::cfb6:10b:de98:a885/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
cc@ubuntu:~$

相关资料

netplan: https://netplan.io/

NetworkManager: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkManager

Systemd-networkd: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/man5/systemd.network.5.html