设计模式之ChainOfResponsibility职责链模式

模拟不同金额票据需要不同级别的领导审批流程：

1. 金额0 ~ 10万含：Teamleader可处理，金额10 ~ 20万含：
2. Supervisor可处理，金额20 ~ 50万含：
3. Manager可处理，金额50 ~ 100万含：
4. Boss可处理，金额超过100万，无人处理，

模拟缺点：请求没有一个明确的接收者，就不能保证它一定会被处理。

Handler（抽象处理者）：AbstractHandler
ConcreteHandler（具体处理者）：Teamleader、Supervisor、Manager、Boss
请求：Bill

1. 请求Bill

class Bill
{
public:
	Bill(int id, const std::string &name, double account)
	{
		this->m_iID = id;
		this->m_sName = name;
		this->m_dAccount = account;

		std::cout << "Bill 构造函数，id = " << this->m_iID << "，name = " << this->m_sName << "，account = " << this->m_dAccount << std::endl;
	}
	~Bill()
	{
		std::cout << "Bill 析构函数" << std::endl;
	}
	double getAccount()
	{
		return m_dAccount;
	}
	void showBill()
	{
		std::cout << "id = " << this->m_iID << "，name = " << this->m_sName << "，account = " << this->m_dAccount << std::endl;
	}
private:
	int m_iID;
	std::string m_sName;
	double m_dAccount;
};

2. Handler（抽象处理者）

class AbstractHandler
{
public:
	explicit AbstractHandler(const std::string &name)
	{
		setName(name);
	}
	virtual ~AbstractHandler() = default;

	//添加上级，职责链上的下一级处理者
	void setNextHandler(AbstractHandler *nextHandler)
	{
		m_pNextHandler = nextHandler;
	}
	//处理请求
	virtual void handleRequest(Bill *bill) = 0;
	std::string getName() {
		return m_sName;
	}
protected:
	AbstractHandler *m_pNextHandler;
private:
	void setName(const std::string &name)
	{
		this->m_sName = name;
	}
	std::string m_sName;
};

3. ConcreteHandler（具体处理者）

//依次逐级处理
///第一级：TeamLeader///
class TeamLeader : public AbstractHandler
{
public:
	explicit TeamLeader(const std::string &name)
		:AbstractHandler(name)
	{
		std::cout << "TeamLeader 构造函数，" << name << std::endl;
	}
	~TeamLeader()
	{
		std::cout << "TeamLeader 析构函数" << std::endl;
	}

	//处理请求
	void handleRequest(Bill *bill) override
	{
		if (bill->getAccount() <= 10)
		{
			std::cout << "TeamLeader " << getName() << "处理了该票据，票据信息如下：" << std::endl;
			bill->showBill();
		}
		else {
			std::cout << "TeamLeader " << getName() << " 无权处理，转交上级" << std::endl;
			if (nullptr == m_pNextHandler) {
				std::cout << "票据无人处理，票据信息如下：" << std::endl;
				bill->showBill();
			}
			else {
				m_pNextHandler->handleRequest(bill);
			}
		}
	}

private:

};


///第二级：Supervisor///
class Supervisor : public AbstractHandler
{
public:
	explicit Supervisor(const std::string &name)
		:AbstractHandler(name)
	{
		std::cout << "Supervisor 构造函数，" << name << std::endl;
	}
	~Supervisor()
	{
		std::cout << "Supervisor 析构函数" << std::endl;
	}

	//处理请求
	void handleRequest(Bill *bill) override
	{
		if (bill->getAccount() > 10 && bill->getAccount() <= 20)
		{
			std::cout << "Supervisor " << getName() << "处理了该票据，票据信息如下：" << std::endl;
			bill->showBill();
		}
		else {
			std::cout << "Supervisor " << getName() << " 无权处理，转交上级" << std::endl;
			if (nullptr == m_pNextHandler) {
				std::cout << "票据无人处理，票据信息如下：" << std::endl;
				bill->showBill();
			}
			else {
				m_pNextHandler->handleRequest(bill);
			}
		}
	}

private:

};


///第三级：Manager///
class Manager : public AbstractHandler
{
public:
	explicit Manager(const std::string &name)
		:AbstractHandler(name)
	{
		std::cout << "Manager 构造函数，" << name << std::endl;
	}
	~Manager()
	{
		std::cout << "Manager 析构函数" << std::endl;
	}

	//处理请求
	void handleRequest(Bill *bill) override
	{
		if (bill->getAccount() > 20 && bill->getAccount() <= 50)
		{
			std::cout << "Manager " << getName() << "处理了该票据，票据信息如下：" << std::endl;
			bill->showBill();
		}
		else {
			std::cout << "Manager " << getName() << " 无权处理，转交上级" << std::endl;
			if (nullptr == m_pNextHandler) {
				std::cout << "票据无人处理，票据信息如下：" << std::endl;
				bill->showBill();
			}
			else {
				m_pNextHandler->handleRequest(bill);
			}
		}
	}

private:

};


///第四级：Boss///
class Boss : public AbstractHandler
{
public:
	explicit Boss(const std::string &name)
		:AbstractHandler(name)
	{
		std::cout << "Boss 构造函数，" << name << std::endl;
	}
	~Boss()
	{
		std::cout << "Boss 析构函数" << std::endl;
	}

	//处理请求
	void handleRequest(Bill *bill) override
	{
		if (bill->getAccount() > 50 && bill->getAccount() <= 100)
		{
			std::cout << "Boss " << getName() << "处理了该票据，票据信息如下：" << std::endl;
			bill->showBill();
		}
		else {
			std::cout << "Boss " << getName() << " 无权处理，转交上级" << std::endl;
			if (nullptr == m_pNextHandler) {
				std::cout << "票据无人处理，票据信息如下：" << std::endl;
				bill->showBill();
			}
			else {
				m_pNextHandler->handleRequest(bill);
			}
		}
	}

private:

};

4. 主函数

int main()
{
	//请求处理者：张三， 李四， 王五， 赵六
	AbstractHandler *level1, *level2, *level3, *level4;

	level1 = new TeamLeader("张三");
	level2 = new Supervisor("李四");
	level3 = new Manager("王五");
	level4 = new Boss("赵六");
	std::cout << "=============== " << std::endl;

	//建立职责链的工作是在客户端进行
	level1->setNextHandler(level2);
	level2->setNextHandler(level3);
	level3->setNextHandler(level4);

	//创建单据
	Bill *bill1 = new Bill(1, "Bill_1", 8);
	Bill *bill2 = new Bill(2, "Bill_2", 15);
	Bill *bill3 = new Bill(3, "Bill_3", 99);
	Bill *bill4 = new Bill(4, "Bill_4", 44);
	Bill *bill5 = new Bill(5, "Bill_5", 150);
	std::cout << "=============== " << std::endl;
	
	//全部先交给 level1 TeamLeader 审批
	level1->handleRequest(bill1);
	std::cout << "=============== " << std::endl;
	level1->handleRequest(bill2);
	std::cout << "=============== " << std::endl;
	level1->handleRequest(bill3);
	std::cout << "=============== " << std::endl;
	level1->handleRequest(bill4);
	std::cout << "=============== " << std::endl;
	level1->handleRequest(bill5);
	std::cout << "=============== " << std::endl;


	delete level1; 
	delete level2; 
	delete level3; 
	delete level4;

	delete bill1;
	delete bill2;
	delete bill3;
	delete bill4; 
	delete bill5;


	getchar();

	return 0;
}