C++源码:
//6_25.cpp
#include "account.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
Date date(2008, 11, 1); //起始日期
//建立几个账户
SavingsAccount accounts[] = {
SavingsAccount(date, "S3755217", 0.015),
SavingsAccount(date, "02342342", 0.015)
};
const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(SavingsAccount); //账户总数
//11月份的几笔账目
accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");
accounts[1].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");
//12月份的几笔账目
accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 12, 5), 5500, "salary");
accounts[1].withdraw(Date(2008, 12, 20), 4000, "buy a laptop");
//结算所有账户并输出各个账户信息
cout << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
accounts[i].settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
accounts[i].show();
cout << endl;
}
cout << "Total: " << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
getchar();
return 0;
}
//account.h
#ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__
#define __ACCOUNT_H__
#include "date.h"
#include <string>
class SavingsAccount { //储蓄账户类
private:
std::string id; //帐号
double balance; //余额
double rate; //存款的年利率
Date lastDate; //上次变更余额的时期
double accumulation; //余额按日累加之和
static double total; //所有账户的总金额
//记录一笔帐,date为日期,amount为金额,desc为说明
void record(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);
//报告错误信息
void error(const std::string &msg) const;
//获得到指定日期为止的存款金额按日累积值
double accumulate(const Date& date) const {
return accumulation + balance * date.distance(lastDate);
}
public:
//构造函数
SavingsAccount(const Date &date, const std::string &id, double rate);
const std::string &getId() const { return id; }
double getBalance() const { return balance; }
double getRate() const { return rate; }
static double getTotal() { return total; }
//存入现金
void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);
//取出现金
void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);
//结算利息,每年1月1日调用一次该函数
void settle(const Date &date);
//显示账户信息
void show() const;
};
#endif //__ACCOUNT_H__
//account.cpp
#include "account.h"
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
double SavingsAccount::total = 0;
//SavingsAccount类相关成员函数的实现
SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date &date, const string &id, double rate)
: id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0) {
date.show();
cout << "\t#" << id << " created" << endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::record(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc) {
accumulation = accumulate(date);
lastDate = date;
amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100; //保留小数点后两位
balance += amount;
total += amount;
date.show();
cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::error(const string &msg) const {
cout << "Error(#" << id << "): " << msg << endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc) {
record(date, amount, desc);
}
void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc) {
if (amount > getBalance())
error("not enough money");
else
record(date, -amount, desc);
}
void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date &date) {
double interest = accumulate(date) * rate //计算年息
/ date.distance(Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
if (interest != 0)
record(date, interest, "interest");
accumulation = 0;
}
void SavingsAccount::show() const {
cout << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
}
//date.h
#ifndef __DATE_H__
#define __DATE_H__
class Date { //日期类
private:
int year; //年
int month; //月
int day; //日
int totalDays; //该日期是从公元元年1月1日开始的第几天
public:
Date(int year, int month, int day); //用年、月、日构造日期
int getYear() const { return year; }
int getMonth() const { return month; }
int getDay() const { return day; }
int getMaxDay() const; //获得当月有多少天
bool isLeapYear() const { //判断当年是否为闰年
return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
}
void show() const; //输出当前日期
//计算两个日期之间差多少天
int distance(const Date& date) const {
return totalDays - date.totalDays;
}
};
#endif //__DATE_H__
//date.cpp
#include "date.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
namespace { //namespace使下面的定义只在当前文件中有效
//存储平年中某个月1日之前有多少天,为便于getMaxDay函数的实现,该数组多出一项
const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365 };
}
Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) : year(year), month(month), day(day) {
if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
cout << "Invalid date: ";
show();
cout << endl;
exit(1);
}
int years = year - 1;
totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400
+ DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
if (isLeapYear() && month > 2) totalDays++;
}
int Date::getMaxDay() const {
if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
return 29;
else
return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month]- DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
}
void Date::show() const {
cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
}
Java转码:
public class SavingsAccount {
private double balance;
private String id;
private double rate;
private Date lastDate;
private double accumulation;
private static double total;
private static Date newDate;
public SavingsAccount(Date date,String id,double rate) {
this.id=id;
this.rate=rate;
this.lastDate=date;
this.accumulation=0;
newDate=new Date(1,1,1);
date.show();
System.out.println("\t#"+id+" created");
}
private void record(Date date,double amount,String desc) {
accumulation=accumulate(date);
lastDate=date;
amount=Math.floor(amount*100+0.5)/100;
balance+=amount;
total+=amount;
date.show();
System.out.println("\t#"+id+"\t"+amount+"\t"+balance+"\t"+desc);
}
private void error(String msg) {
System.out.println("Error(#"+id+"):"+msg);
}
private double accumulate(Date date) {
return accumulation+balance*date.distance(lastDate);
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public double getBalance() {
return balance;
}
public double getRate() {
return rate;
}
public static double getTotal() {
return total;
}
public void deposit(Date date,double amount,String desc) {
record(date,amount,desc);
}
public void withdraw(Date date,double amount,String desc) {
if(amount>getBalance()) {
error("not enough money");
}else {
record(date,-amount,desc);
}
}
public void settle(Date date) {
Date d=new Date(date.getYear()-1,1,1);
double interest =accumulate(date)*rate/date.distance(d);
if(interest!=0) {
record(date,interest,"interest");
}
accumulation=0;
}
public void show() {
System.out.println(id+"\tBalance: "+balance);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Date date=new Date(2008, 11, 1); //起始日期
//建立几个账户
SavingsAccount accounts[];
accounts=new SavingsAccount[2];
accounts[0]=new SavingsAccount(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
accounts[1]=new SavingsAccount(date, "02342342", 0.015);
final int n = accounts.length; //账户总数
//11月份的几笔账目
accounts[0].deposit(new Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");
accounts[1].deposit(new Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");
//12月份的几笔账目
accounts[0].deposit(new Date(2008, 12, 5), 5500, "salary");
accounts[1].withdraw(new Date(2008, 12, 20), 4000, "buy a laptop");
//结算所有账户并输出各个账户信息
System.out.println();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
accounts[i].settle(new Date(2009, 1, 1));
accounts[i].show();
System.out.println();
}
System.out.println("Total: " + Math.floor(SavingsAccount.getTotal()+0.5));
}
}
public class Date {
private int year;
private int month;
private int day;
private int totalDays;
final public int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365 };
public Date(int year,int month,int day) {
this.day=day;
this.year=year;
this.month=month;
if(day<=0||day>getMaxDay()) {
System.out.print("Invalid date: ");
show();
System.out.println();
System.exit(0);
}
int years = year - 1;
totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400
+ DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
if (isLeapYear() && month > 2) totalDays++;
}
public int getYear() {
return year;
}
public int getMonth() {
return month;
}
public int getDay() {
return day;
}
public int getMaxDay() {
if(isLeapYear()&&month==2)
return 29;
else {
if(month>0) {
return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month]-DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month-1];
}
else return 0;
}
}
public boolean isLeapYear() {
return ((year%4==0)&&(year%100!=0||year%400==0));
}
public void show() {
System.out.print(getYear()+"-"+getMonth()+"-"+getDay());
}
public int distance(Date date) {
return totalDays-date.totalDays;
}
}
笔记:前两次的C++代码里的日期只是一个整数,和我们平常去银行里的存款的日期并不一样,这次的C++源码将日期抽象出定义了一个Date类,类的许多方法的参数类型也都有了一个Date类。因为源码有两个类所以转码也写了两个类,在转码过程中其他都很顺利,有一个地方被卡了好久,因为类的对象的方法调用要传一个Date类型的对象,而且每次都是一个具有不同日期属性的新的Date对象,开始时没注意就按C++的样子写了,编译器报出了错误,恰巧在当天的课上老师讲了匿名对象,我茅塞顿开就用匿名类来做参数,最后运行成功。
注:除个别包装类(比如Integer、String),Java中所有的新对象都是new出来的。