疯狂Android讲义学习笔记006图形图像

1.Bitmap和BitmapFactory

创建assets文件夹（app文件夹下右键new folder/assets folder）
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ImageView myimg;
    private Button mybut;
    private String[] images;
    private int currentImg=0;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        myimg=findViewById(R.id.myimg);
        mybut=findViewById(R.id.mybut);

        try {
            images=getAssets().list("");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        mybut.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //当数组越界
                if (currentImg>images.length){
                    currentImg=0;
                }
                //找到下一张图片
                while (!images[currentImg].endsWith(".png") &&
                        !images[currentImg].endsWith(".jpg") &&
                        !images[currentImg].endsWith(".gif")
                ){
                    currentImg++;
                    if (currentImg>images.length){
                        currentImg=0;
                    }
                }

                InputStream assetFile=null;

                try {
                    assetFile=getAssets().open(images[currentImg++]);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                //从图片控件拿bitmapDrawable对象
                BitmapDrawable bitmapDrawable=(BitmapDrawable)myimg.getDrawable();
                //从内存中回收
                if (bitmapDrawable!=null && !bitmapDrawable.getBitmap().isRecycled()){
                    bitmapDrawable.getBitmap().recycle();
                }
                //从文件流中创建位图并设置在图形控件上
                myimg.setImageBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeStream(assetFile));
            }
        });
    }
}

2.绘画基础：paint，Canvas

实际上是自定义一个View类
1、创建自己的View类并继承View类

public class MyView extends View {
    private Path path =new Path();
    public MyView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);

    }

    Paint paint=new Paint();

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        paint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        paint.setStrokeWidth(4f);
        int viewWith=this.getWidth();

        //canvas.drawCircle(viewWith/10+10,viewWith/10+10,viewWith/10,paint);
        //canvas.drawRect(555,255,955,1055,paint);
        path.moveTo(100f,viewWith*9/10+60);
        path.lineTo(viewWith/5+10,viewWith*9/10+60);
        path.lineTo(viewWith/5+10,viewWith*7/10+60);
        path.close();
        canvas.drawPath(path,paint);
    }
}

2、activity文件

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private LinearLayout myll;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        MyView myView=new MyView(this,null);
        myll=findViewById(R.id.myll);
        myll.addView(myView);

    }
}

3.path类：绘制路径

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private LinearLayout myll;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(new MyView(this));
        //MyView oneView=new MyView(this);
        //myll.addView(oneView);
    }

    public class MyView extends View {
        private float phase;
        private PathEffect[] effects=new PathEffect[7];
        private int[] colors;
        private Paint paint=new Paint();
        //初始化path
        private android.graphics.Path path=new Path();

        public MyView(Context context) {
            super(context);
            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            paint.setStrokeWidth(4f);
            path.moveTo(0f,0f);
            for (int i=1;i<=40;i++){
                //生成40个随机点（y值随机），并将其连成一线
                path.lineTo(i*25f,(float) Math.random()*90);
            }
            //初始化7种颜色
            colors=new int[]{Color.BLACK,Color.BLUE,Color.CYAN,Color.GRAY,Color.GREEN,Color.MAGENTA,Color.RED,Color.YELLOW};
            //以下各种效果
            effects[0]=null;
            effects[1]=new CornerPathEffect(10f);
            effects[2]=new DiscretePathEffect(3.0f,5.0f);

        }

        @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            //背景填充
            canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
            canvas.translate(8f,8f);
            for(int i=0;i<effects.length;i++){
                paint.setPathEffect(effects[i]);
                paint.setColor(colors[i]);
                canvas.drawPath(path,paint);
                canvas.translate(0f,90f);
            }

            effects[3]=new DashPathEffect(new float[]{20f,10f,5f,10f},phase);
            Path p=new Path();
            p.addRect(0f,0f,8f,8f,Path.Direction.CCW);
            effects[4]=new PathDashPathEffect(p,12f,phase,PathDashPathEffect.Style.ROTATE);
            effects[5]=new ComposePathEffect(effects[2],effects[4]);
            effects[6]=new SumPathEffect(effects[4],effects[3]);
            phase+=1f;
            invalidate();
        }
    }
}

4.path类：文本跟随路径

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(new PathTextView(this));
    }

    public static class PathTextView extends View {
        private String drawStr=getResources().getString(R.string.draw_string);
        private Path[] paths=new Path[3];
        private Paint paint=new Paint();

        public PathTextView(Context context) {
            super(context);
            paths[0]=new Path();
            paths[0].moveTo(0f,0f);
            for (int i=1;i<=20;i++){
                //随机生成20个点，并连成一线
                paths[0].lineTo(i*30f,(float)(Math.random())*30);
            }
            paths[1]=new Path();
            RectF rectF=new RectF(0f,0f,600f,360f);
            paths[1].addOval(rectF,Path.Direction.CCW);
            paths[2]=new Path();
            paths[2].addArc(rectF,60f,180f);
            //初始化画笔
            paint.setAntiAlias(true);
            paint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            paint.setStrokeWidth(1f);
        }

        @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
            canvas.translate(40f,40f);
            //设置从右边开始绘制（右对齐）
            paint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.RIGHT);
            paint.setTextSize(30f);
            //绘制路径
            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            canvas.drawPath(paths[0],paint);
            paint.setTextSize(40f);

            //沿着路径绘制一段文本
            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
            canvas.drawTextOnPath(drawStr,paths[0],-8f,20f,paint);
            canvas.translate(0f,60f);
            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            canvas.drawPath(paths[1],paint);
            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
            canvas.drawTextOnPath(drawStr,paths[1],-20f,20f,paint);
            canvas.translate(0f,360f);

            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            canvas.drawPath(paths[2],paint);

            paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
            canvas.drawTextOnPath(drawStr,paths[2],-10f,20f,paint);
        }
    }
}

资源文件

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">MyEX136Path</string>
    <string name="draw_string">疯狂android讲义</string>
</resources>

效果：

5.path类：双缓冲实现画图板

1创建string字符串资源

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">MyEX137Duplicate</string>
    <string name="color">颜色</string>
    <string name="color_red">红色</string>
    <string name="color_green">绿色</string>
    <string name="color_blue">蓝色</string>
    <string name="width">宽度</string>
    <string name="width_1">低宽度</string>
    <string name="width_2">中宽度</string>
    <string name="width_3">大宽度</string>
    <string name="blur">blur</string>
    <string name="emboss">emboss</string>

</resources>

2创建menu菜单资源

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:title="@string/color">
        <menu>
            <group android:checkableBehavior="single">
                <item android:id="@+id/red" android:title="@string/color_red"/>
                <item android:id="@+id/green" android:title="@string/color_green"/>
                <item android:id="@+id/blue" android:title="@string/color_blue"/>

            </group>
        </menu>

    </item>
    <item android:title="@string/width">
        <menu>
            <group>
                <item android:id="@+id/width_1" android:title="@string/width_1"/>
                <item android:id="@+id/width_2" android:title="@string/width_2"/>
                <item android:id="@+id/width_3" android:title="@string/width_3"/>

            </group>
        </menu>
    </item>
    <item android:id="@+id/blur" android:title="@string/blur"/>
    <item android:id="@+id/emboss" android:title="@string/emboss"/>
</menu>

3、创建DrawView自定义类，继承View

public class DrawView extends View {
    private float  preX,preY;
    private Path path;
    public Paint paint=null;
    //定义一个缓冲图片
    Bitmap cacheBitmap=null;
    //定义一个缓冲画布用于装载缓冲图片
    Canvas cacheCanvas=null;

    public DrawView(Context context,int width,int height) {
        super(context);
        //创建一个与该View具有相同大小的缓冲区
        cacheBitmap=Bitmap.createBitmap(width,height,Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        cacheCanvas=new Canvas();
        path=new Path();

        //设置cacheCanvas将会绘制到内存中的cacheBitmap上
        cacheCanvas.setBitmap(cacheBitmap);
        //设置画笔的颜色
        paint=new Paint(Paint.DITHER_FLAG);
        paint.setColor(Color.RED);
        //设置画笔风格
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        paint.setStrokeWidth(1);
        //反锯齿
        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        paint.setDither(true);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        //获取拖动事件的发生位置
        float x=event.getX();
        float y=event.getY();

        switch (event.getAction()){
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                //从前一个点绘制到当前点之后，把当前点定义称为下次绘制的前一个点
                path.moveTo(x,y);
                preX=x;
                preY=y;
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                //从前一个点绘制到当前点之后，把当前点定义称为下次绘制的前一个点
                path.quadTo(preX,preY,x,y);
                preX=x;
                preY=y;
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                cacheCanvas.drawPath(path,paint);
                path.reset();
                break;
        }
        invalidate();
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        Paint bmpPaint=new Paint();
        //将cacheBitmap会知道view组件上
        canvas.drawBitmap(cacheBitmap,0,0,bmpPaint);
        //沿着path绘制
        canvas.drawPath(path,paint);
    }
}

4activity文件

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    EmbossMaskFilter emboss;
    BlurMaskFilter blur;
    DrawView drawView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        LinearLayout linearLayout=new LinearLayout(this);
        DisplayMetrics displayMetrics=new DisplayMetrics();
        //获取创建的宽度和高度
        getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRealMetrics(displayMetrics);
        //创建一个drawview，该drawview的高度与宽度与activity相同
        drawView=new DrawView(this,displayMetrics.widthPixels,displayMetrics.heightPixels);
        linearLayout.addView(drawView);
        setContentView(linearLayout);

        emboss=new EmbossMaskFilter(new float[]{1.5f,1.5f,1.5f},0.6f,6,4.2f);
        blur=new BlurMaskFilter(8,BlurMaskFilter.Blur.NORMAL);

    }

    //创建can带选项

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        MenuInflater inflater=new MenuInflater(this);
        //加载自定义的菜单，并添加到menu中去
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu_main,menu);
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }
    //菜单被单击后的回调方法

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()){
            case R.id.red:
                drawView.paint.setColor(Color.RED);
                item.setChecked(true);
                break;
            case R.id.green:
                drawView.paint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
                item.setChecked(true);
                break;
            case R.id.blue:
                drawView.paint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
                item.setChecked(true);
                break;

            case R.id.width_1:
                drawView.paint.setStrokeWidth(1);
                break;
            case R.id.width_2:
                drawView.paint.setStrokeWidth(3);
                break;
            case R.id.width_3:
                drawView.paint.setStrokeWidth(5);

                break;
            case R.id.blur:
                drawView.paint.setMaskFilter(blur);
                break;
            case R.id.emboss:
                drawView.paint.setMaskFilter(emboss);

                break;
        }
        return true;
    }
}

效果

图形图像这张本例以后部分暂不学习，感觉是游戏开发的基础，不是感兴趣的方向。直接跳转到数据存储与io