魔乐科技安卓开发教程----李兴华----07BroadCast广播

最新推荐文章于 2020-08-29 17:58:31 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2020-08-29 17:58:31 发布

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分类专栏： Andorid学习笔记

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43745804/article/details/104975359

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1.认识广播

在这里插入图片描述
1、建立广播接收器（类）MyBroadcastReceiver并继承BroadcastReceiver

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    public MyBroadcastReceiver(){
        Log.d("jian", "MyBroadcastReceiver: 每次广播都会实例化的一个新的广播组件");
    }
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Toast.makeText(context, "广播已经启动", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

2、Manifest中注册广播

<receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver" android:enabled="true">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.EDIT"/>//自己指定的action
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

在配置广播中，配置一个intent-filter节点，表示对一个指定的action操作的时候才会启动广播，这个action可以通过intent完成

3、activity文件

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button butStartBroad=null;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        butStartBroad=findViewById(R.id.butStartBroad);

        butStartBroad.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListenerImpl());
    }

    private class OnClickListenerImpl implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_EDIT);//操作的过滤
            MainActivity.this.sendBroadcast(intent);//广播和服务一样，都是通过Activity程序启动，但是广播可以自动根据系统的状态启动
            Log.d("jian", "onClick: ----");

        }
    }
}

结果，并未实现，感觉是权限问题。

2.手工注册广播

1、建立广播接收器（类）MyBroadcastReceiver并继承BroadcastReceiver

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    public MyBroadcastReceiver(){
        Log.d("jian", "MyBroadcastReceiver: 每次广播都会实例化的一个新的广播组件");
    }
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Toast.makeText(context, "广播已经启动", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

2、Manifest中注册广播

 <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"
            android:enabled="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.fengray.TEST"/>//自定义的过滤器
            </intent-filter>

        </receiver>

3、主activity文件

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button butStartBroad=null;
    private MyBroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver=null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        butStartBroad=findViewById(R.id.butStartBroad);

        butStartBroad.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListenerImpl());
    }

    private class OnClickListenerImpl implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent=new Intent("com.fengray.TEST");//操作的过滤
            intent.putExtra("msg","com.fengray.TEST");//传递附加信息
            IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter("com.fengray.TEST");//以自定义方式创建filter过滤器
            //注册广播
            broadcastReceiver=new MyBroadcastReceiver();
            registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver,filter);
            MainActivity.this.sendBroadcast(intent);//广播和服务一样，都是通过Activity程序启动，但是广播可以自动根据系统的状态启动

        }
    }
}

结果
2020-03-19 22:29:55.460 11950-11950/com.fengray.myex018broadcast D/jian: MyBroadcastReceiver: 每次广播都会实例化的一个新的广播组件
2020-03-19 22:29:55.465 11950-11950/com.fengray.myex018broadcast D/jian: onReceive:

3.过滤器改进

上例的基础上
1、建立广播接收器（类）MyBroadcastReceiver并继承BroadcastReceiver

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
   
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if ("com.fengray.TEST".equals(intent.getAction())){
            String msg=intent.getStringExtra("msg");
            Log.d("jian", msg);
            Toast.makeText(context, "广播已经启动"+msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

    }
}

结果：
2020-03-19 22:32:32.223 12072-12072/com.fengray.myex018broadcast D/jian: com.fengray.TEST

4.通过BroadCast启动Service

通过activity启动广播，通过广播在启动service
1、manifest文件

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.fengray.myex018broadcast">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver" android:enabled="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.fengray.TEST"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
        <service android:name=".MyService"/>
    </application>

</manifest>

2、创建广播接收类

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.d("jian", "onReceiveBroadcast: -----");

        //通过广播启动了service
        context.startService(new Intent(context,MyService.class));

    }
}

3、创建服务类

public class MyService extends Service {
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        Log.d("jian", "service onCreate: ------");
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @SuppressLint("WrongConstant")
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.d("jian", "onStartCommand: ------");
        return Service.START_CONTINUATION_MASK;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        Log.d("jian", "service onDestroy: ------");

        super.onDestroy();
    }
}

4、activity文件

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Intent intent=new Intent("com.fengray.TEST");//操作的过滤
        //注册广播
        sendBroadcast(intent);//广播和服务一样，都是通过Activity程序启动，但是广播可以自动根据系统的状态启动

    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        //注销广播
        super.onStop();
    }
}

结果：
未能显示，不知道原因，大概率同第一个例子

改成手动注册，则可以成功
主activity文件改为：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver=null;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Intent intent=new Intent("com.fengray.TEST");//操作的过滤
        intent.putExtra("msg","com.fengray.TEST");//传递附加信息
        IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter("com.fengray.TEST");//以自定义方式创建filter过滤器
        //注册广播
        broadcastReceiver=new MyBroadcastReceiver();
        registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver,filter);
        MainActivity.this.sendBroadcast(intent);//广播和服务一样，都是通过Activity程序启动，但是广播可以自动根据系统的状态启动
        //注册广播
        sendBroadcast(intent);//广播和服务一样，都是通过Activity程序启动，但是广播可以自动根据系统的状态启动

    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        //注销广播
        super.onStop();
    }
}

结果：
2020-03-19 23:07:53.527 13160-13160/com.fengray.myex018broadcast D/jian: onReceiveBroadcast: -----
2020-03-19 23:07:53.529 13160-13160/com.fengray.myex018broadcast D/jian: onReceiveBroadcast: -----
2020-03-19 23:07:54.207 13160-13160/com.fengray.myex018broadcast D/jian: service onCreate: ------
2020-03-19 23:07:54.207 13160-13160/com.fengray.myex018broadcast D/jian: onStartCommand: ------
2020-03-19 23:07:54.218 13160-13160/com.fengray.myex018broadcast D/jian: onStartCommand: ------

但时间久后为关闭程序

5.一个通过broadcast的闹钟的案例

在这里插入图片描述
1、布局文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TimePicker
        android:id="@+id/time"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/msg"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="当前没有设置闹钟"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/butset"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="设置闹钟"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/butdelet"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="删除闹钟"/>

</LinearLayout>

2、设置一个AarmMessage类

public class AlarmMessage extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                .setIcon(R.drawable.dress01)
                .setTitle("时间已经到")
                .setMessage("闹钟响了，现在时间："+new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时mm分ss秒").format(new Date()))
                .setPositiveButton("关闭", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        finish();
                    }
                }).show();
    }
}

3、设置一个BroadcastReveiver类

public class MyAlarmReveiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Intent it=new Intent(context,AlarmMessage.class);
        it.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        context.startService(it);
    }
}

4、activity文件

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private AlarmManager alarmManager=null;
    private Button butset,butdelet;
    private TextView msg;
    private TimePicker timePicker=null;
    private  int hourOfDay,minute;
    private Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();//返回值是长整形

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        butset=findViewById(R.id.butset);
        butdelet=findViewById(R.id.butdelet);
        msg=findViewById(R.id.msg);
        timePicker=findViewById(R.id.time);

        alarmManager= (AlarmManager) getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
        butset.setOnClickListener(new SetterOnclickListenerImpl());
        butdelet.setOnClickListener(new DeleterOnclickListenerImpl());
        timePicker.setIs24HourView(true);
        timePicker.setOnTimeChangedListener(new OnTimeChangeListenerImpl());

    }

    private class OnTimeChangeListenerImpl implements TimePicker.OnTimeChangedListener{

        @Override
        public void onTimeChanged(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
            MainActivity.this.calendar.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());
            MainActivity.this.calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY,hourOfDay);
            MainActivity.this.calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE,minute);
            MainActivity.this.calendar.set(Calendar.SECOND,0);

            MainActivity.this.hourOfDay=hourOfDay;
            MainActivity.this.minute=minute;
        }
    }

    private class SetterOnclickListenerImpl implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyAlarmReveiver.class);
            intent.setAction("com.fengray.action.setalarm");
            PendingIntent sender=PendingIntent.getBroadcast(MainActivity.this,0,intent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
            alarmManager.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP,
                    calendar.getTimeInMillis(),sender);
            msg.setText("闹钟响起的时间是："+hourOfDay+"时"+minute+"分");
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "闹钟设置成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private class DeleterOnclickListenerImpl implements View.OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            if (alarmManager!=null){
                Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyAlarmReveiver.class);
                intent.setAction("com.fengray.action.setalarm");
                PendingIntent sender=PendingIntent.getBroadcast(MainActivity.this,0,intent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

                alarmManager.cancel(sender);//取消intent
                msg.setText("当前没有设置闹钟");
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "闹钟删除成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            }

        }
    }
}

结果：
在这里插入图片描述

心湖中的石子

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魔乐科技安卓开发教程----李兴华----07BroadCast广播

1.认识广播1、建立广播接收器（类）MyBroadcastReceiver并继承BroadcastReceiverpublic class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { public MyBroadcastReceiver(){ Log.d("jian", "MyBroadcastReceiver: 每...
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