JavaEE--001使用JDBC的基本步骤

###使用JDBC的基本步骤

1. 注册驱动

//需提前引包：import com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver;这个实现新版的包，老版的引包为：import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;已经不能使用
DriverManager.registerDriver(new Driver());

2. 建立连接

//DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=Hongkong&?user=monty&password=greatsqldb");时区一定要写对
	//2. 建立连接 参数一： 协议 + 访问的数据库 ， 参数二： 用户名 ， 参数三： 密码。
	conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student?serverTimezone=Hongkong", "root", "root");

3. 创建statement

//3. 创建statement ， 跟数据库打交道，一定需要这个对象
st = conn.createStatement();

4. 执行sql ，得到ResultSet

//4. 执行查询 ， 得到结果集
	String sql = "select * from t_stu";
	rs = st.executeQuery(sql);

5. 遍历结果集

//5. 遍历查询每一条记录
	while(rs.next()){
		int id = rs.getInt("id");
		String name = rs.getString("name");
		int age = rs.getInt("age");
		System.out.println("id="+id + "===name="+name+"==age="+age);

	}

6. 释放资源

if (rs != null) {
    try {
        rs.close();
    } catch (SQLException sqlEx) { } // ignore 
    rs = null;
}

Example 5.1. Obtaining a connection from the DriverManager

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

Connection conn = null;
try {
    conn = 
       DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=Hongkong","monty","greatsqldb");
    // Do something with the Connection
   ...
} catch (SQLException ex) {
    // handle any errors
    System.out.println("SQLException: " + ex.getMessage());
    System.out.println("SQLState: " + ex.getSQLState());
    System.out.println("VendorError: " + ex.getErrorCode());
}

Example 5.2. Using java.sql.Statement to execute a SELECT query

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
// assume that conn is an already created JDBC connection (see previous examples)
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
    stmt = conn.createStatement();
    rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT foo FROM bar");
    // or alternatively, if you don't know ahead of time that
    // the query will be a SELECT...
    if (stmt.execute("SELECT foo FROM bar")) {
        rs = stmt.getResultSet();
    }
    // Now do something with the ResultSet ....
}
catch (SQLException ex){
    // handle any errors
    System.out.println("SQLException: " + ex.getMessage());
    System.out.println("SQLState: " + ex.getSQLState());
    System.out.println("VendorError: " + ex.getErrorCode());
}
finally {
    // it is a good idea to release
    // resources in a finally{} block
    // in reverse-order of their creation
    // if they are no-longer needed
    if (rs != null) {
        try {
            rs.close();
        } catch (SQLException sqlEx) { } // ignore 
        rs = null;
    }
    if (stmt != null) {
        try {
            stmt.close();
        } catch (SQLException sqlEx) { } // ignore
        stmt = null;
    }
}