面向所有人的 Python 课【Python for Everybody】课程笔记简介

学习目的

很久没用使用Python编程了,在小破站上看到了密歇根大学的Python for Everybody课程的相关信息,心血来潮想借这个课程温习一遍Python,感谢Dr. Chuck!

课程资料

视频

Coursera:
Python for Everybody
bilibili:
【中英字幕】Python for everybody-不可错过的五星推荐python入门课程!
密歇根大学《给所有人的Python课》

教材

PY4E - Book - Python for Everybody

作业

PY4E:
Python for Everybody (PY4E)

鉴于访问Coursera的速度较慢,建议在B站上看课程视频,在PY4E上做作业。

课程大纲

Couser 1: 零基础程序设计(Python 入门)【Getting Started with Python】

模块1 第一章 我们为什么要编程?【Why we Program?】

These are the course-wide materials as well as the first part of Chapter One where we explore what it means to write programs. We finished Chapter One and had the quiz and first assignment in the third week of the class. Throughout the course, you may want to come back and look at these materials. This section should not take you an entire week.
这些是整个课程的资料,还有第一章的第一部分,在这部分我们探讨编写程序意味着什么。我们在课程的第三周完成了第一章,并进行了测验和第一次作业。在整个课程中,您可能会想要回来查看这些资料。这部分内容不应花费您整整一周的时间。

模块2 安装 Python【Installing Python】

In this module you will set things up so you can write Python programs. Not all activities in this module are required for this class so please read the “Using Python in this Class” material for details.
在这个模块中,您将进行设置,以便能够编写 Python 程序。本模块中的并非所有活动都是本课程所必需的,因此请阅读“在本课程中使用 Python”的材料以获取详细信息。

模块3 第一章 我们为什么要编程?(延续)【Why We Program(continued)】

In the first chapter, we try to cover the “big picture” of programming so you get a “table of contents” of the rest of the book. Don’t worry if not everything makes perfect sense the first time you hear it. This chapter is quite broad and you would benefit from reading the chapter in the book in addition to watching the lectures to help it all sink in. You might want to come back and re-watch these lectures after you have finished a few more chapters.
在第一章中,我们试图涵盖编程的“大局”,以便您获得本书其余部分的“目录”。如果不是每件事在你第一次听到的时候都能完全理解,不要担心。这一章内容相当广泛,除了观看讲座,你还可以通过阅读书中的这一章来帮助你理解。你可能想要回来,并重新观看这些讲座后,你完成了更多的章节。

模块4 第二章 变量和表达式【Variables and Expressions】

In this chapter we cover how a program uses the computer’s memory to store, retrieve and calculate information.
在本章中,我们将介绍程序如何使用计算机的内存来存储、检索和计算信息。

模块5 第三章 条件式【Conditional Code】

In this section we move from sequential code that simply runs one line of code after another to conditional code where some steps are skipped. It is a very simple concept - but it is how computer software makes “choices”.
在本节中,我们将从简单地一行接一行地运行代码的顺序代码转向跳过某些步骤的条件代码。这是一个非常简单的概念,但这就是计算机软件做出“选择”的方式。

模块6 第四章 函数【Functions】

This is a relatively short chapter. We will learn about what functions are and how we can use them. The programs in the first chapters of the book are not large enough to require us to develop functions, but as the book moves into more and more complex programs, functions will be an essential way for us to make sense of our code.
这是相对较短的一章。我们将学习函数是什么以及如何使用它们。本书前几章的程序还不够大,不需要我们开发函数,但随着书中越来越复杂的程序,函数将成为我们理解代码的基本方式。

模块7 第五章 循环和迭代【Loops and Iteration】

Loops and iteration complete our four basic programming patterns. Loops are the way we tell Python to do something over and over. Loops are the way we build programs that stay with a problem until the problem is solved.
循环和迭代完成了我们的四种基本编程模式。循环是我们告诉Python一遍又一遍地做某事的方式。循环是我们构建程序的一种方式,它会一直伴随一个问题直到问题被解决。

Couser 2: Python 数据结构【Python Data Structures】

模块1 第六章 字符串【Strings】

In this class, we pick up where we left off in the previous class, starting in Chapter 6 of the textbook and covering Strings and moving into data structures. The second week of this class is dedicated to getting Python installed if you want to actually run the applications on your desktop or laptop. If you choose not to install Python, you can just skip to the third week and get a head start.
在本节课中,我们将从上一节课的内容开始,从教材的第6章开始,介绍字符串并进入数据结构。本课程的第二周致力于安装Python,如果您想在桌面或笔记本电脑上实际运行应用程序。如果您选择不安装Python,您可以直接跳到第三周,并获得一个良好的开端。

模块2 单元:安装并使用 Python【Unit: Installing and Using Python】

In this module you will set things up so you can write Python programs. We do not require installation of Python for this class. You can write and test Python programs in the browser using the “Python Code Playground” in this lesson. Please read the “Using Python in this Class” material for details.
在本模块中,您将设置一些东西,以便编写Python程序。我们不需要为这个类安装Python。您可以使用本课中的“Python代码游乐场”在浏览器中编写和测试Python程序。请阅读“在本课程中使用Python”材料了解详细信息。

模块3 第七章 文件【Files】

Up to now, we have been working with data that is read from the user or data in constants. But real programs process much larger amounts of data by reading and writing files on the secondary storage on your computer. In this chapter we start to write our first programs that read, scan, and process real data.
到目前为止,我们一直在处理从用户读取的数据或常量中的数据。但是真正的程序通过在计算机的二级存储器上读写文件来处理大量的数据。在本章中,我们开始编写第一个读取、扫描和处理实际数据的程序。

模块4 第八章 列表【Lists】

As we want to solve more complex problems in Python, we need more powerful variables. Up to now we have been using simple variables to store numbers or strings where we have a single value in a variable. Starting with lists we will store many values in a single variable using an indexing scheme to store, organize, and retrieve different values from within a single variable. We call these multi-valued variables “collections” or “data structures”.
当我们想在Python中解决更复杂的问题时,我们需要更强大的变量。到目前为止,我们一直使用简单的变量来存储数字或字符串,其中变量中只有一个值。从列表开始,我们将在单个变量中存储许多值,使用索引方案来存储、组织和检索单个变量中的不同值。我们称这些多值变量为“集合”或“数据结构”。

模块5 第九章 字典【Dictionaries】

The Python dictionary is one of its most powerful data structures. Instead of representing values in a linear list, dictionaries store data as key / value pairs. Using key / value pairs gives us a simple in-memory “database” in a single Python variable.
Python字典是其最强大的数据结构之一。字典不是在线性列表中表示值,而是将数据存储为键/值对。使用键/值对可以在一个Python变量中为我们提供一个简单的内存“数据库”。

模块6 第十章 元组【Tuples】

Tuples are our third and final basic Python data structure. Tuples are a simple version of lists. We often use tuples in conjunction with dictionaries to accomplish multi-step tasks like sorting or looping through all of the data in a dictionary.
元组是我们的第三个也是最后一个基本Python数据结构。元组是列表的简单版本。我们经常将元组与字典结合使用,以完成多步骤任务,例如排序或遍历字典中的所有数据。

模块7 毕业【Graduation】

To celebrate your making it to the halfway point in our Python for Everybody Specialization, we welcome you to attend our online graduation ceremony. It is not very long, and it features a Commencement speaker and very short commencement speech.
为了庆祝你在我们的Python面向所有人的专业课程中取得了一半的成绩,我们欢迎你参加我们的在线毕业典礼。它不是很长,它的特点是一个毕业典礼演讲者和很短的毕业典礼演讲。

Couser 3: 使用 Python 访问网络数据【Using Python to Access Web Data】

模块1 开始【Getting Started】

In this section you will install Python and a text editor. In previous classes in the specialization this was an optional assignment, but in this class it is the first requirement to get started. From this point forward we will stop using the browser-based Python grading environment because the browser-based Python environment (Skulpt) is not capable of running the more complex programs we will be developing in this class.
在本节中,您将安装Python和一个文本编辑器。在以前的专门化课程中,这是一个可选的作业,但在这门课中,这是开始的第一个要求。从这一点开始,我们将停止使用基于浏览器的Python分级环境,因为基于浏览器的Python环境(Skulpt)无法运行我们将在本课程中开发的更复杂的程序。

模块2 第十一章 正则表达式【Regular Expressions】

Regular expressions are a very specialized language that allow us to succinctly search strings and extract data from strings. Regular expressions are a language unto themselves. It is not essential to know how to use regular expressions, but they can be quite useful and powerful.
正则表达式是一种非常专业的语言,它允许我们简洁地搜索字符串并从字符串中提取数据。正则表达式本身就是一种语言。知道如何使用正则表达式并不是必要的,但它们可能非常有用和强大。

模块3 第十二章 网络和套接字【Networks and Sockets】

In this section we learn about the protocols that web browsers use to retrieve documents and web applications use to interact with Application Program Interfaces (APIs).
在本节中,我们将学习web浏览器用来检索文档和web应用程序用来与应用程序接口(api)交互的协议。

模块4 第十二章 浏览网页的程序【Programs that Surf the Web】

In this section we learn to use Python to retrieve data from web sites and APIs over the Internet.
在本节中,我们将学习如何使用Python通过Internet从网站和api检索数据。

模块5 第十三章 Web服务和XML【Web Services and XML】

In this section, we learn how to retrieve and parse XML (eXtensible Markup Language) data.
在本节中,我们将学习如何检索和解析XML(可扩展标记语言)数据。

模块6 第十三章 JSON和REST架构【JSON and the REST Architecture】

In this module, we work with Application Program Interfaces / Web Services using the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) data format.
在本模块中,我们使用JavaScript对象表示法(JSON)数据格式处理应用程序接口/ Web服务。

Couser 4: 通过 Python 使用数据库【Using Databases with Python】

模块1 面向对象Python【Object Oriented Python】

To start this class out we cover the basics of Object Oriented Python. We won’t be writing our own objects, but since many of the things we use like BeautifulSoup, strings, dictionaries, database connections all use Object Oriented (OO) patterns we should at least understand some of its patterns and terminology.
为了开始这个课程,我们将介绍面向对象Python的基础知识。我们不会编写自己的对象,但由于我们使用的许多东西(如BeautifulSoup、字符串、字典、数据库连接)都使用面向对象(OO)模式,我们至少应该了解它的一些模式和术语。

模块2 基本结构化查询语言【Basic Structured Query Language】

We learn the four core CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, and Delete) to manage data stored in a database.
我们学习了四个核心CRUD操作(创建、读取、更新和删除)来管理数据库中存储的数据。

模块3 数据模型和关系SQL【Data Models and Relational SQL】

In this section we learn about how data is stored across multiple tables in a database and how rows are linked (i.e., we establish relationships) in the database.
在本节中,我们将了解数据如何跨数据库中的多个表存储,以及如何在数据库中链接行(即建立关系)。

模块4 SQL中的多对多关系【Many-to-Many Relationships in SQL】

In this section we explore how to model situations like students enrolling in courses where each course has many students and each student is enrolled in many courses.
在本节中,我们将探讨如何建模这样的情况:学生注册的课程中,每门课程都有很多学生,每个学生都注册了许多课程。

模块5 数据库和可视化【Databases and Visualization】

In this section, we put it all together, retrieve and process some data and then use the OpenStreetMaps API to visualize our data.
在本节中,我们将把它们放在一起,检索和处理一些数据,然后使用OpenStreetMaps API来可视化我们的数据。

Couser 5: 结业项目:使用 Python 检索、处理和可视化数据【Capstone: Retrieving, Processing, and Visualizing Data with Python】

模块1 欢迎来到结业项目【Welcome to the Capstone】

Congratulations to everyone for making it this far. Before you begin, please view the Introduction video and read the Capstone Overview. The Course Resources section contains additional course-wide material that you may want to refer to in future weeks.
祝贺大家走到这一步。在开始之前,请查看介绍视频并阅读Capstone概述。课程资源部分包含其他课程范围的材料,您可能希望在未来几周参考。

模块2 构建搜索引擎【Building a Search Engine】

This week we will download and run a simple version of the Google PageRank Algorithm and practice spidering some content. The assignment is peer-graded, and the first of three optional Honors assignments in the course. This a continuation of the material covered in Course 4 of the specialization, and is based on Chapter 16 of the textbook.
本周我们将下载并运行一个简单版本的Google PageRank算法,并练习爬行一些内容。该作业由同行评分,是本课程三个可选荣誉作业中的第一个。这是本专业课程4所涵盖材料的延续,并以教科书第16章为基础。

模块3 探索数据来源(项目)【Exploring Data Sources(Project)】

The optional Capstone project is your opportunity to select, process, and visualize the data of your choice, and receive feedback from your peers. The project is not graded, and can be as simple or complex as you like. This week’s assignment is to identify a data source and make a short discussion forum post describing the data source and outlining some possible analysis that could be done with it. You will not be required to use the data source presented here for your actual analysis.
可选的Capstone项目让您有机会选择、处理和可视化您选择的数据,并从您的同行那里获得反馈。这个项目是不分级的,可以像你喜欢的那样简单或复杂。本周的作业是确定一个数据源,并在论坛上发表一篇简短的讨论文章,描述该数据源,并概述可以用它进行的一些可能的分析。您不需要在实际分析中使用这里提供的数据源。

模块4 搜索和建模电子邮件数据【Spidering and Modeling Email Data】

In our second optional Honors assignment, we will retrieve and process email data from the Sakai open source project. Video lectures will walk you through the process of retrieving, cleaning up, and modeling the data.
在我们的第二个可选荣誉作业中,我们将检索和处理来自Sakai开源项目的电子邮件数据。视频讲座将引导您完成检索,清理和建模数据的过程。

模块5 获取新数据源(项目)【Accessing New Data Sources(Project)】

The task for this week is to make a discussion thread post that reflects the progress you have made to date in retrieving and cleaning up your data source so can perform your analysis. Feedback from other students is encouraged to help you refine the process.
本周的任务是创建一个讨论线程,反映您迄今在检索和清理数据源方面所取得的进展,以便执行您的分析。我们鼓励其他学生提供反馈,以帮助您完善流程。

模块6 可视化电子邮件数据【Visualizing Email Data】

In the final optional Honors assignment, we will do two visualizations of the email data you have retrieved and processed: a word cloud to visualize the frequency distribution and a timeline to show how the data is changing over time.
在最后的可选荣誉作业中,我们将对你检索和处理的电子邮件数据进行两种可视化:一个词云来可视化频率分布,一个时间轴来显示数据如何随时间变化。

模块7 可视化新数据源(项目)【Visualizing new Data Sources(Project)】

This week you will discuss the analysis of your data to the class. While many of the projects will result in a visualization of the data, any other results of analyzing the data are equally valued, so use whatever form of analysis and display is most appropriate to the data set you have selected.
这周你将在课堂上讨论你的数据分析。虽然许多项目将导致数据的可视化,但分析数据的任何其他结果都具有同等价值,因此使用最适合您所选择的数据集的任何形式的分析和显示。

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