C51单片机学习笔记之密码锁

简介

根据之前学的LCD1602显示器和矩阵键盘实现一个简单的密码锁。

原理图

。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。请翻之前的文章。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

LCD1602：C51单片机学习笔记之LCD1602_想从小菜鸟变大菜鸟的博客-CSDN博客

矩阵键盘：C51单片机学习笔记之矩阵键盘_想从小菜鸟变大菜鸟的博客-CSDN博客

代码部分

LCD1602.c
#include<reg52.h> 
#include<intrins.h>

sbit RS = P2^0;   
sbit RW = P2^1;
sbit EN = P2^2;

#define RS_CLR RS = 0 
#define RS_SET RS = 1

#define RW_CLR RW = 0 
#define RW_SET RW = 1 

#define EN_CLR EN = 0
#define EN_SET EN = 1

#define DATAPORT P0

//------------------------------------------------
//us延时函数
//------------------------------------------------
void delayus2x(unsigned char t)
{   
    while(-- t);
}

//------------------------------------------------
//mS延时函数
//------------------------------------------------
void delayms(unsigned char t)
{
     
    while(t --)
    {
        //延时1mS
        delayus2x(245);
        delayus2x(245);
    }
}

//------------------------------------------------
//判忙函数
//------------------------------------------------
bit lcd_check_busy(void) 
{ 
    DATAPORT= 0xFF; 
    RS_CLR; 
    RW_SET; 
    EN_CLR; 
    _nop_(); 
    EN_SET;
    return (bit)(DATAPORT & 0x80);
}

//------------------------------------------------
//写入命令函数
//------------------------------------------------
void lcd_write_com(unsigned char com) 
{  
    while(lcd_check_busy()); //判忙
    RS_CLR; 
    RW_CLR; 
    EN_SET; 
    DATAPORT = com; 
    _nop_(); 
    EN_CLR;
}

//------------------------------------------------
//写入数据函数
//------------------------------------------------
void lcd_write_data(unsigned char tmp_data) 
{ 
    while(lcd_check_busy()); //判忙
    RS_SET; 
    RW_CLR; 
    EN_SET; 
    DATAPORT = tmp_data; 
    _nop_();
    EN_CLR;
}

//------------------------------------------------
//清屏
//------------------------------------------------
void lcd_clear(void) 
{ 
    lcd_write_com(0x01); 
    delayms(5);
}

//------------------------------------------------
//写入字符串函数
//------------------------------------------------
void lcd_write_string(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *s) 
{     
    if(y == 0) 
 	{     
        lcd_write_com(0x80 + x); //第一行
 	}
    else 
 	{      
        lcd_write_com(0xC0 + x); //第二行
 	}        
    while (*s) 
 	{     
        lcd_write_data(*s);     
        s ++;     
 	}
}

//------------------------------------------------
//写入字符函数
//------------------------------------------------
void lcd_write_char(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char tmp_data) 
{     
    if(y == 0) 
 	{     
        lcd_write_com(0x80 + x);     
 	}    
    else 
 	{     
        lcd_write_com(0xC0 + x);     
 	}        
    lcd_write_data(tmp_data);  
}


// Header:
// File Name: 显示数字函数
// Author:
// Date:
unsigned char index(unsigned char x,y);
void lcd_shownumber(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char num,unsigned char lengh)
{
		unsigned int i;
	   if(y == 0) 
 	{     
        lcd_write_com(0x80 + x);     
 	}    
    else 
 	{     
        lcd_write_com(0xC0 + x);     
 	}      
	
		for(i=lengh;i>0;i--)
	{
     lcd_write_data('0'+num/index(10,i-1)%10); 
	}
	   
	
}
unsigned char index(unsigned char x,y)
{
   unsigned char i;
	unsigned int result=1;
	for(i=0;i<y;i++)
	{
	result*=x;
	}
	return result;

}
//------------------------------------------------
//初始化函数
//------------------------------------------------
void lcd_init(void) 
{
    lcd_write_com(0x38);  
    lcd_write_com(0x01); //显示清屏 
    lcd_write_com(0x06); //光标移动设置 
    lcd_write_com(0x0C); //显示开关开
}
   

LCD1602.h
#ifndef __LCD1602_H__
#define __LCD1602_H__

//用户调用函数：
void lcd_init(void);
void lcd_clear(void);
void lcd_write_string(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *s);
void lcd_write_char(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char tmp_data);
void lcd_shownumber(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char num,unsigned char lengh);

#endif

MatrixKey.c
#include <REGX52.H>

void delay()
{
	unsigned int i;
	for(i=0;i<20000;i++);
}
unsigned char MatrixKey()
{
	unsigned char KeyNumber;
	P1=0xFF;
	P1_0=0;
 if(P1_4==0)
{
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=1;
 }
 if(P1_5==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=2;
 }
 if(P1_6==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=3;
 }
 	P1=0xFF;
	P1_1=0;
 if(P1_4==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=4;
 }
 if(P1_5==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=5;
 }
 if(P1_6==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=6;
 }
 	P1=0xFF;
	P1_2=0;
 if(P1_4==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=7;
 }
 if(P1_5==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=8;
 }
 if(P1_6==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=9;
 }
 	P1=0xFF;
	P1_3=0;
 if(P1_4==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=10;
 }
 if(P1_5==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=11;
 }
 if(P1_6==0)
 {
		delay();
	 while(P1_4==0);
	 delay();
	 KeyNumber=12;
 }
 return KeyNumber;
}

MatrixKey.h
#ifndef __MatrixKey_H__
#define __MatrixKey_H__

unsigned char MatrixKey();
#endif

main.c
#include <REGX52.H>
#include "LCD1602.h"
#include "MatrixKey.h"
main()
{
unsigned char keynum;
unsigned char password;
unsigned int num;
	lcd_init();
	lcd_write_string(0,0,"Password:");
	while(1)
	{
		keynum=MatrixKey();
		if(keynum)//判断按键是否按下
		{
					 if(num<3)//循环三次
				{
					password*=10;//实现数字位置左移			
					password+=keynum%10;//实现提取密码
					num++;
				}
				lcd_shownumber(1,1,password,3);
			}
		if(keynum==11)
			{
			if(password==123)//判断密码是否正确
			{
			lcd_clear();
			lcd_write_string(0,0,"good");
			while(1);
			}
			else
				{
			lcd_clear();
			lcd_write_string(0,0,"error");
			while(1);
			}
			}
		}
}

结论

        代码简单的整合了矩阵键盘跟LCD1602的知识。简单讲一下主函数中password*=10;  password+=keynum%10;  好比第一输入的是1走第一条语句password还是0，到第二条语句password就变成1了，再输第二个数字为2，走第一条语句password就变成10，走第二条语句password就变成12了，这样在LCD1602上就 显示了012。