代码随想录算法训练营第25天 | 216.组合总和III、17.电话号码的字母组合

216.组合总和III

题目链接/文章讲解：代码随想录

视频讲解：和组合问题有啥区别？回溯算法如何剪枝？| LeetCode：216.组合总和III_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

处理过程 和 回溯过程是一一对应的，处理有加，回溯就要有减

针对目标和进行剪枝操作

class Solution:
    def combinationSum3(self, k: int, n: int) -> List[List[int]]:
        result = []  # 存放结果集
        self.backtracking(n, k, 0, 1, [], result)
        return result

    def backtracking(self, targetSum, k, currentSum, startIndex, path, result):
        if currentSum > targetSum:  # 剪枝操作
            return  # 如果path的长度等于k但currentSum不等于targetSum，则直接返回
        if len(path) == k:
            if currentSum == targetSum:
                result.append(path[:])
            return
        for i in range(startIndex, 9 - (k - len(path)) + 2):  # 剪枝
            currentSum += i  # 处理
            path.append(i)  # 处理
            self.backtracking(targetSum, k, currentSum, i + 1, path, result)  # 注意i+1调整startIndex
            currentSum -= i  # 回溯
            path.pop()  # 回溯

17.电话号码的字母组合

题目链接/文章讲解：代码随想录

视频讲解：还得用回溯算法！| LeetCode：17.电话号码的字母组合_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

 能理解思路，但是结合字母表的定义不熟

class Solution:
    def __init__(self):
        self.letterMap = [
            "",     # 0
            "",     # 1
            "abc",  # 2
            "def",  # 3
            "ghi",  # 4
            "jkl",  # 5
            "mno",  # 6
            "pqrs", # 7
            "tuv",  # 8
            "wxyz"  # 9
        ]
    
    def getCombinations(self, digits, index, s, result):
        if index == len(digits):
            result.append(s)
            return
        digit = int(digits[index])
        letters = self.letterMap[digit]
        for letter in letters:
            self.getCombinations(digits, index + 1, s + letter, result)
    
    def letterCombinations(self, digits):
        result = []
        if len(digits) == 0:
            return result
        self.getCombinations(digits, 0, "", result)
        return result