Spring Boot整合RabbitMQ

创建提供者

1. 通过idea的springboot项目快速搭建，创建springboot-rabbitmq-provider模块
2. 保证pom.xml中存在这几个依赖

<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

3. 创建application.yml配置文件

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    port: 5672
    host: localhost
    virtual-host: /
    username: guest
    password: guest

4. 将队列和交换机通过注解和配置类注入spring容器中
   因为启动类就相当于一个配置类了，所以直接在启动类下面进行bean注入

package com.javaee.springbootrabbitmq;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args);
    }


    /**
     * 创建topic交换机并设置为长期存在
     *
     * @return topic交换机对象
     */
    @Bean("topicExchange")
    public Exchange topicExchange() {
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange("topicExchange").durable(true).build();
    }

    /**
     * 创建topic队列交给spring
     *
     * @return 队列对象
     */
    @Bean("topicQueue")
    public Queue topicQueue() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable("topicQueue").build();
    }

    /**
     * 绑定交换机和队列
     *
     * @param topicExchange 绑定的topic交换机
     * @param topicQueue    绑定的队列
     * @return 返回绑定关系
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding topicQueueExchange(@Qualifier("topicExchange") Exchange topicExchange,
                                      @Qualifier("topicQueue") Queue topicQueue) {
		//指定交换机和队列进行绑定，并指定路由key的通配符
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue).to(topicExchange).with("order.#").noargs();
    }
}

5. 写测试类
   通过测试类写入三条消息

package com.javaee.springbootrabbitmq;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplicationTests {

	@Autowired
	private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

	@Test
	public void contextLoads() {
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange","order.insert","执行订单插入。。。");
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange","order.update","执行订单修改。。。");
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange","order.delete","执行订单删除。。。");
	}

}

执行后能够从控制台发现确实存在三条消息

创建消费者

1. 通过idea的springboot项目快速搭建，创建springboot-rabbitmq-consumer
2. 保证pom.xml中存在这几个依赖

<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

3. 创建application.yml配置文件

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    port: 5672
    host: localhost
    virtual-host: /
    username: guest
    password: guest

4. 编写消息监听器

package com.javaee.springbootrabbitmqconsumer;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MyListener {

	//将消费者绑定到指定队列
    @RabbitListener(queues = "topicQueue")
    public void myListener(Message message){
        System.out.println("消费者接受到的指令是：" + new String(message.getBody));
    }
   
}

5. 执行springboot启动类，因为导入了rabbitMQ的依赖并且配置了消息监听器，所以程序运行后会先去监听并执行队列中的消息，执行完毕后会进入阻塞状态，等待队列出现消息。

执行结果

可以看到已经执行完消息队列中的所有消息，并进入阻塞状态。当还有用户发送消息时，阻塞中的程序会继续执行队列中的消息。