第三章 数据和C
2. 编写一个程序,要求提示输入一个ASCII码值(如66),然后打印输入的字符。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int ascii;
printf("Enter an ASCII code: ");
scanf("%d", &ascii);
printf("%d is the ASCII code for %c!", ascii, ascii);
return 0;
}
4. 编写一个程序,读取一个浮点数,先打印成小数点形式,再打印成指数形式。然后,如果系统支持,再打印成p记数法(即十六进制记数法)。按以下格式输出(实际显示的指数位数因系统而异):
Enter a floating-point value: 64.25
fixed-point notation: 64.250000
exponential notation: 6.425000e+01
p notation: 0x1.01p+6
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
float num;
printf("Enter a floating-point value: ");
scanf("%f", &num);
printf("fixed-point notation:%f\n", num);
printf("exponential notation:%e\n", num);
printf("p notation:%a\n", num);
return 0;
}
5. 一年大约有3.156E7秒。编写一个程序,提示用户输入年龄,然后显示该年龄对应的秒数。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
long year_second = 3.156e7;
int age;
long seconds;
printf("Enter your age: ");
scanf("%d", &age);
seconds = age * year_second;
printf("The numberof seconds to age %d is %ld!\n", age, seconds);
return 0;
}
6. 1个水分子的质量约为3.0E-23克。1夸脱水大约是950克。编写一个程序,提示用户输入水的夸脱数,并显示水分子的数量。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
float mass_mol = 3.0e-23;
float mass_qt = 950;
float quarts;
float molecules;
printf("Enter the number of quarts of water: ");
scanf("%f", &quarts);
molecules = quarts * mass_qt / mass_mol;
printf("%f quarts of water contain %e molecules.\n", quarts, molecules);
return 0;
}
8. 在美国的体积测量系统中,1品脱等于2杯,1杯等于8盎司,1盎司等于2大汤勺,1大汤勺等于3茶勺。编写一个程序,提示用户输入杯数,并以品脱、盎司、汤勺、茶勺为单位显示等价容量。思考对于该程序,为何使用浮点类型比整数类型更合适。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
float cups;
float pints;
float ounces;
float bigspoons;
float teaspoons;
printf("Enter the number of cups: ");
scanf("%f", &cups);
pints = cups / 2;
printf("%.2f cups is %.2f pints.\n", cups, pints);
ounces = cups * 8;
printf("%.2f cups is %.2f ounces.\n", cups, ounces);
bigspoons = ounces * 2;
printf("%.2f cups is %.2f bigspoons.\n", cups, bigspoons);
teaspoons = bigspoons * 3;
printf("%.2f cups is %.2f teaspoons.\n", cups, teaspoons);
return 0;
}
假如pints用整数类型的话,如果杯数是5.5杯,那么pints就会舍去小数位的数字,从而不会那么精确。