LeetCode热题Hot100

两数之和

思路：hash表用于存数据，新的数据在hash表中进行查询

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> twoSum(vector<int>& nums, int target) {
        // hashtable用于查询,时间复杂度O(1),空间复杂度O(n)
        unordered_map<int, int> hashtable;
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); i++) {
            int temp = target - nums[i];
            if (hashtable.find(temp) != hashtable.end()) {
                return {hashtable.find(temp)->second, i};
            }
            hashtable[nums[i]] = i;
        }
        return {};
    }
};

两数相加

思路：按位相加，需要考虑满10进位问题

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* addTwoNumbers(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {
        ListNode * l1_temp = new ListNode();
        ListNode * newNode = l1_temp;
        bool mthanTen = false;
        while (l1!=nullptr || l2!= nullptr) {
            int sum = 0;
            if (l1) {
                sum = sum + l1->val;
                l1 = l1->next;
            }
            if (l2) {
                sum = sum + l2->val;
                l2 = l2->next;
            }
            if (mthanTen) {
                sum += 1;
                mthanTen = false;
            }
            if (sum > 9) {
                mthanTen = true;
                sum = sum % 10;
            }
            l1_temp->next = new ListNode(sum);
            l1_temp = l1_temp->next;
        }
        if (mthanTen) {
            l1_temp->next = new ListNode(1);
        }
        return newNode->next;
    }
};

无重复字符的最长子串

思路：双指针，指针数字一样时，获取一个可能的最大值

class Solution {
public:
    int lengthOfLongestSubstring(string s) {
        // 双指针
        int start = 0;
        int maxLen = 0;
        if (s.size() == 0 || s.size() == 1) {
            return s.size();
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < s.size(); i++) {
            for (int j = start; j < i; j++) {
                if (s[j] == s[i]) {
                    start = j + 1;
                    if (i - j > maxLen) {
                        maxLen = i - j;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (maxLen < i - start + 1) {
                maxLen = i - start + 1;
            }
        }
        return maxLen;
    }
};

最长回文子串

思路：从中间a处或者aa处向外查找，找到最长的回文

class Solution {
public:
    int longLenFromI(const string &s, int begin, int end) {
        if (s[begin] != s[end]) {
            return 1;
        }
        int lenS = s.size();
        while (begin >= 0 && end < s.size()) {
            if (s[begin] != s[end]) {
                break;
            }
            begin--;
            end++;
        }
        return end - begin - 1;
    }

    string longestPalindrome(string s) {
        int start = 0;
        int end = 0;
        int maxLen = 0;
        if (s.size() <= 1) {
            return s;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < s.size() - 1; i++) {
            int len1 = longLenFromI(s, i, i);
            int len2 = longLenFromI(s, i, i + 1);
            maxLen = max(maxLen, max(len1, len2));
            if (maxLen > end - start + 1) {
                start = i - (maxLen - 1) / 2;
                end = i + maxLen / 2;
            }
        }
        return s.substr(start, maxLen);
    }
};

正则表达式匹配

思路：动态规划，出现对应字符相等或者匹配串出现.为一个条件，下一个匹配是*为另一个条件，根据两个条件梳理出逻辑

class Solution {
public:
    int n;
    int m;
    vector<vector<int>> f;
    bool isMatch(string s, string p) {
        n = s.size();
        m = p.size();
        f = vector<vector<int>> (n + 1, vector<int> (m + 1, -1));
        return dp(0, 0, s, p);
    }

    bool dp(const int &x, const int &y, const string &s, const string &p) {
        if (y == m) {
            return x == n;
        }
        bool ans = false;
        int first_conn = (x < n) && (s[x] == p[y] || p[y] == '.');
        if (y + 1 < m && p[y + 1] == '*') {
            ans = dp(x, y + 2, s, p) || (first_conn && dp(x + 1, y, s, p));
        } else {
            ans = first_conn && dp(x + 1, y + 1, s, p);
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

盛最多水的容器

思路：从左右两边至中间，要使得最终获取到最多的水
　　　当y轴长 左边 < 右边：左边右移，重新计算面积；否则相反

class Solution {
public:
    int maxArea(vector<int>& height) {
        // 从左右两边至中间，要使得最终获取到最多的水
        // 当y轴长 左边 < 右边：左边右移，重新计算面积，否则相反
        int i = 0;
        int j = height.size() - 1;
        int max_area = (j - i) * min(height[i], height[j]);
        while(i < j) {
            max_area = max(max_area, (j - i) * min(height[i], height[j]));
            if (height[i] < height[j]) {
                i++;
            } else {
                j--;
            }
        }
        return max_area;
    }
};