快速上手Redis(一)

Redis作为缓存数据库(非关系型数据库),存储数据快,用于频繁使用的数据,可以减少访问数据库的次数,提高效率.
Redis有五种储存方式
String:字符串
List:列表
Hash:哈希
Set:集合
ZSet(Sorted Set):有序集合
Redis命令大全
需要注意的:
zset和set不能有重复的成员,zset多了一个double类型的score,来便于排列.
在java中使用需要jedis的API但现在不常用,一般用Spring-Data-Redis(底层依然是jedis但进行了更好的封装)
使用Spring-Data-Redis
需要先在maven中引入

<properties>
        <spring-version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring-version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

建立连接池-redis.properties

#reids打开的ip
redis.host=127.0.0.1
#连接的端口
redis.port=6379
#密码
redis.pass=
#最大链接数
redis.database=0
redis.maxIdle=300
redis.maxWait=3000
redis.testOnBorrow=true

配置spring

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--1引入配置信息-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:redis-config.properties"/>

    <!--2配置redis,相当于实例化了jedis的配置-->
    <bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
        <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}"/>
        <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWait}"/>
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3获取redis的连接工厂-->
    <bean id="JedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory" p:host-name="${redis.host}" p:password="${redis.pass}" p:port="${redis.port}" p:poolConfig-ref="poolConfig"/>

    <!--获取redisTemplate,template需要redis连接工厂-->
    <bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate">
        <property name="connectionFactory" ref="JedisConnectionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

配置好了之后就可以直接练一下操作几个存储方式

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.DefaultTypedTuple;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ZSetOperations;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring/applicationContext-redis.xml")
public class TestRedis {

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
    @Test
    public void test(){
        System.out.println(redisTemplate);
    }
    @Test
    public void setValue(){

            redisTemplate.boundValueOps("name").set("mouxx");


    }
    @Test
    public void getValue(){
        try{
            Object value = redisTemplate.boundValueOps("name").get();
            System.out.println(value.toString());
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println("数据为null"+e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void deletekey(){
        redisTemplate.delete("name");
    }

    @Test
    public void setSet(){
        redisTemplate.boundSetOps("setname").add("咕咕咕");
        redisTemplate.boundSetOps("setname").add("嘤嘤嘤");
        redisTemplate.boundSetOps("setname").add("喵喵喵");
    }

    @Test
    public void getSet(){
        Set setname = redisTemplate.boundSetOps("setname").members();
        System.out.println(setname);
    }

    @Test
    public void removeSet(){
        redisTemplate.boundSetOps("setname").remove("咕咕咕");
    }
    @Test
    public void setHash(){
        redisTemplate.boundHashOps("hashname").put("a","1号");
        redisTemplate.boundHashOps("hashname").put("b","2号");
        redisTemplate.boundHashOps("hashname").put("c","3号");
        redisTemplate.boundHashOps("hashname").put("d","4号");
    }
    @Test
    public void getHash(){
        Set hashname = redisTemplate.boundHashOps("hashname").keys();
        System.out.println(hashname);
        List hashname1 = redisTemplate.boundHashOps("hashname").values();
        System.out.println(hashname1);
        Object o = redisTemplate.boundHashOps("hashname").get("a");
        System.out.println(o);
    }

    @Test
    public void setzset(){
        ZSetOperations.TypedTuple<Object> z1 = new DefaultTypedTuple<Object>("zset-1",1.1);
        ZSetOperations.TypedTuple<Object> z2 = new DefaultTypedTuple<Object>("zset-3",1.3);
        ZSetOperations.TypedTuple<Object> z3 = new DefaultTypedTuple<Object>("zset-2",1.2);
        ZSetOperations.TypedTuple<Object> z4 = new DefaultTypedTuple<Object>("zset-4",1.4);
        Set<ZSetOperations.TypedTuple<Object>> values = new HashSet<ZSetOperations.TypedTuple<Object>>();
        values.add(z1);
        values.add(z2);
        values.add(z3);
        values.add(z4);
        redisTemplate.boundZSetOps("zsetname").add(values);
    }

    @Test
    public void getzset(){
        Set zsetname = redisTemplate.boundZSetOps("zsetname").range(0, -1);
        System.out.println(zsetname);
    }
}