OpenShift Virtualization - 创建 Windows 虚拟机

原创已于 2025-10-05 11:07:31 修改 · 806 阅读

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#openshift #虚拟机

于 2025-09-12 10:37:10 首次发布

《OpenShift / RHEL / DevSecOps 汇总目录》
说明：本文已经在 OpenShift 4.18 环境中验证

文章目录

创建 Windows VM
配置可迁移 Windows VM
参考

创建 Windows VM

在 Template catalog 中进入 Microsoft Windows Server 2019 VM。
在下图的 VM 配置界面中完成以下配置：

选中 Boot from CD 选项
为 CD source 选择 URL (creates PVC)
在 Image URL 中填入 https://catalog-item-assets.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/qcow_images/Windows2019.iso
将 Disk size 设为 5 GiB
Disk source 设为 Blank
Disk size 设为 60 GiB
选中 Drivers 的 Mount Windows drivers disk 选项

点击上图的 Customize and create VirtualMachine，然后在下图的 Overview 中为 Boot mode 选择 BIOS。
进入下图的 Scripts，然后点击 sysprep 的 Edit。
在 Sysprep 窗口中填入以下 XML，然后 Save。注意：Sysprep 是微软的自动化工具，可以自动在 Windows 安装软件和配置环境。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<unattend xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend">
  <settings pass="windowsPE">
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS">
      <DiskConfiguration>
        <Disk wcm:action="add">
          <CreatePartitions>
            <CreatePartition wcm:action="add">
              <Order>1</Order>
              <Extend>true</Extend>
              <Type>Primary</Type>
            </CreatePartition>
          </CreatePartitions>
          <ModifyPartitions>
            <ModifyPartition wcm:action="add">
              <Active>true</Active>
              <Format>NTFS</Format>
              <Label>System</Label>
              <Order>1</Order>
              <PartitionID>1</PartitionID>
            </ModifyPartition>
          </ModifyPartitions>
          <DiskID>0</DiskID>
          <WillWipeDisk>true</WillWipeDisk>
        </Disk>
      </DiskConfiguration>
      <ImageInstall>
        <OSImage>
          <InstallFrom>
            <MetaData wcm:action="add">
              <Key>/IMAGE/NAME</Key>
              <Value>Windows Server 2019 SERVERSTANDARD</Value>
            </MetaData>
          </InstallFrom>
          <InstallTo>
            <DiskID>0</DiskID>
            <PartitionID>1</PartitionID>
          </InstallTo>
        </OSImage>
      </ImageInstall>
      <UserData>
        <AcceptEula>true</AcceptEula>
        <FullName>Administrator</FullName>
        <Organization>My Organization</Organization>
      </UserData>
      <EnableFirewall>false</EnableFirewall>
    </component>
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core-WinPE" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS">
      <SetupUILanguage>
        <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage>
      </SetupUILanguage>
      <InputLocale>en-US</InputLocale>
      <SystemLocale>en-US</SystemLocale>
      <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage>
      <UserLocale>en-US</UserLocale>
    </component>
  </settings>
  <settings pass="offlineServicing">
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-LUA-Settings" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS">
      <EnableLUA>false</EnableLUA>
    </component>
  </settings>
  <settings pass="specialize">
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS">
      <AutoLogon>
        <Password>
          <Value>R3dh4t1!</Value>
          <PlainText>true</PlainText>
        </Password>
        <Enabled>true</Enabled>
        <LogonCount>999</LogonCount>
        <Username>Administrator</Username>
      </AutoLogon>
      <OOBE>
        <HideEULAPage>true</HideEULAPage>
        <HideLocalAccountScreen>true</HideLocalAccountScreen>
        <HideOnlineAccountScreens>true</HideOnlineAccountScreens>
        <HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>true</HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>
        <NetworkLocation>Work</NetworkLocation>
        <ProtectYourPC>3</ProtectYourPC>
        <SkipMachineOOBE>true</SkipMachineOOBE>
      </OOBE>
      <UserAccounts>
        <LocalAccounts>
          <LocalAccount wcm:action="add">
            <Description>Local Administrator Account</Description>
            <DisplayName>Administrator</DisplayName>
            <Group>Administrators</Group>
            <Name>Administrator</Name>
          </LocalAccount>
        </LocalAccounts>
      </UserAccounts>
      <TimeZone>Eastern Standard Time</TimeZone>
    </component>
  </settings>
  <settings pass="oobeSystem">
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS">
      <InputLocale>en-US</InputLocale>
      <SystemLocale>en-US</SystemLocale>
      <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage>
      <UserLocale>en-US</UserLocale>
    </component>
    <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS">
      <AutoLogon>
        <Password>
          <Value>R3dh4t1!</Value>
          <PlainText>true</PlainText>
        </Password>
        <Enabled>true</Enabled>
        <LogonCount>999</LogonCount>
        <Username>Administrator</Username>
      </AutoLogon>
      <OOBE>
        <HideEULAPage>true</HideEULAPage>
        <HideLocalAccountScreen>true</HideLocalAccountScreen>
        <HideOnlineAccountScreens>true</HideOnlineAccountScreens>
        <HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>true</HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>
        <NetworkLocation>Work</NetworkLocation>
        <ProtectYourPC>3</ProtectYourPC>
        <SkipMachineOOBE>true</SkipMachineOOBE>
      </OOBE>
      <UserAccounts>
        <LocalAccounts>
          <LocalAccount wcm:action="add">
            <Description>Local Administrator Account</Description>
            <DisplayName>Administrator</DisplayName>
            <Group>Administrators</Group>
            <Name>Administrator</Name>
          </LocalAccount>
        </LocalAccounts>
      </UserAccounts>
      <TimeZone>Eastern Standard Time</TimeZone>
    </component>
  </settings>
</unattend>

在点击 Create VirtualMachine 后会自动安装 Windows Server 虚机并安装要求的软件，在完成后可看到下图 Windows 虚机的运行状态。

配置可迁移 Windows VM

可以看到当前 Windows 虚机的状态为 Not migratable。另外可进入 Windows 虚机的 Diagnstics 栏查看 NotMigratable 的原因：Windows 为了避免在迁移系统时出现时钟不一致的情况。
可以进入 Windows 虚机的 YAML，然后将 reenlightenment 部分的 enabled 设为 false。

。。。
        features:
          acpi: {}
          apic: {}
          hyperv:
            reenlightenment:
              enabled: false
。。。

在保存配置后 Windows 虚机的状态就不再有 Not migratable 了，说明该虚机可自节点间迁移了。

参考

https://rhpds.github.io/openshift-virt-roadshow-cnv-multi-user/modules/module-07-tempinst.html#create_win
https://docs.redhat.com/zh-cn/documentation/red_hat_enterprise_linux/9/html/configuring_and_managing_virtualization/optimizing-windows-virtual-machines-on-rhel_installing-and-managing-windows-virtual-machines-on-rhel