python3之路 linux升级python3.5.2

在python2和3的变化很大，这里边我们将linux系统自带的python2.7升级至python3.5

• 检查确认系统的相关信息

[root@CDH2 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 
[root@CDH2 ~]# uname -a
Linux CDH2 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@CDH2 ~]# python -V
Python 2.7.5
[root@CDH2 ~]# 

我的进行软件升级系统是CentOS7.4-x86_64的，内核3.10.0，当前的python版本号为2.7.5

• 下载安装Python-3.5.2
  • 下载Python-3.5.2.tgz软件包

  [root@CDH2 ~]# mkdir -p /server/tools/
  [root@CDH2 ~]# cd /server/tools/
  [root@CDH2 tools]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.2/Python-3.5.2.tgz
  

  • 解压编译安装

  [root@CDH2 tools]# tar -xf Python-3.5.2.tgz
  [root@CDH2 tools]# cd Python-3.5.2
  [root@CDH2 Python-3.5.2]# ./configure
  [root@CDH2 Python-3.5.2]# make
  [root@CDH2 Python-3.5.2]# make install
  

  如果编译出错，需要检查make，gcc等是否安装好

  yum install make gcc gcc-c++ 
  

  • 安装完成，需要更改默认的python版本
    检查当前默认的python2

    [root@CDH2 tools]# ll /usr/bin/python*
    lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    7 Nov 30 15:12 /usr/bin/python -> python2
    lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    9 Nov 30 15:12 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 Aug  4  2017 /usr/bin/python2.7
    

    检查新安装的python3

    [root@CDH2 bin]# ll /usr/local/bin/python*
    lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root        9 Feb 14 14:19 /usr/local/bin/python3 -> python3.5
    -rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 12287592 Feb 14 14:18 /usr/local/bin/python3.5
    lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root       17 Feb 14 14:19 /usr/local/bin/python3.5-config -> python3.5m-config
    -rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 12287592 Feb 14 14:18 /usr/local/bin/python3.5m
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     3080 Feb 14 14:19 /usr/local/bin/python3.5m-config
    lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root       16 Feb 14 14:19 /usr/local/bin/python3-config -> python3.5-config
    

    修改默认的python,删除旧的python的软连接，创建新的python2和python3的软连接

    [root@CDH2 Python-3.5.2]# cd /usr/bin/
    [root@CDH2 bin]# rm -f python2
    [root@CDH2 bin]# mv python python2.7.ori
    [root@CDH2 bin]# ln -s python2.7 python2
    [root@CDH2 bin]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
    

  • 检查修改后的python版本

    [root@CDH2 bin]# python -V
    Python 3.5.2
    [root@CDH2 bin]# python2 -V
    Python 2.7.5
    [root@CDH2 bin]# python3 -V
    Python 3.5.2