django:返回临时生成zip文件/excel&解压zip&上传文件

1.下载临时excel

from io import BytesIO
from django.http import FileResponse
import pandas as pd


try:
     bio = BytesIO()
     writer = pd.ExcelWriter(bio, engine='xlsxwriter')
     df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='sheet1', index=False, encoding='unicode_escape')
     writer.save()
     bio.seek(0)
     response = FileResponse(bio)
     response['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
     response['Content-Disposition'] = f'attachment;filename="knowledge.xlsx"'
     return response
 except Exception as e:
     logger.error(repr(e))
     return Response({}, status=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT)

关于engine：

-`xlrd``支持旧式Excel文件（.xls）。
-`openpyxl`支持更新的Excel文件格式。
-`odf``支持OpenDocument文件格式（.odf、.ods、.odt）。
-`pyxlsb`支持二进制Excel文件。

2.下载临时zip压缩包（包含临时文件和实体文件）

from io import BytesIO
from django.http import FileResponse, HttpResponse
from tempfile import TemporaryFile, TemporaryDirectory
import pandas as pd
import os
import zipfile


def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
	...
	# excel文件
	bio = BytesIO()
	writer = pd.ExcelWriter(bio)
	# writer = pd.ExcelWriter(bio, engine='xlsxwriter')
	df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='sheet1', index=False, encoding='unicode_escape')
	writer.save()
	bio.seek(0)
	# 带有图片和excel的临时压缩文件
	with TemporaryFile(suffix='zip') as tmp_file:
		with zipfile.ZipFile(tmp_file, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as f:
			 # 文件流形式1
			f.writestr('knowledge.xlsx', bio.read())
			# 文件流形式2 
			tmp2 = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
            tmp2.writer('C:xx.png')
            tmp2.close() 
            # 实体文件形式，my:压缩包中的文件夹，可省略
			f.write('C:xx.png', 'my/1676424153241488.png')
		tmp_file.seek(0)
		response = HttpResponse(tmp_file.read())
		response['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-zip-compressed'
		# response['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
		response['Content-Disposition'] = f'attachment;filename="knowledge.zip"'
		return response

3.下载media文件

def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
	file = open(os.path.join(IMAGES_DIR, 'knowledge_template.xlsx'), 'rb')
    response = FileResponse(file)
    # response['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-zip-compressed'
    response['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
    response['Content-Disposition'] = f'attachment;filename="template.xlsx"'
    return response

4.上传zip文件

def batch_upload(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
    file = request.FILES.get('file', None)
    if not file:
        return Response('文件为空.', status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
    if not zipfile.is_zipfile(file):
        return Response('文件不是zip格式.', status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
    with zipfile.ZipFile(file, 'r') as f:
        for i in f.namelist():  # 如果文件名i中存在中文 i.encode('cp437').decode('gbk')
            if i == 'knowledge.xlsx':  # 读到内存
                df = pd.read_excel(f.extract(i))
            else:  # 输出到实体文件
                f.extract(i, r'C:xxxx/')  # 路径

    return Response(queryset, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)

5.上传media文件

import urllib.request

# 生成文件名和url路径名
def gen_image_filename(filename):
    suffix = os.path.splitext(filename)[-1]  # 后缀带.
    base_path = os.path.join(IMAGES_DIR, f"{int(time.time() * 1000000)}{suffix}")
    full_path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, base_path)
    base_url_path = urllib.request.pathname2url(base_path)
    return base_url_path, full_path
    
# 获取ip和端口
def get_host_port(request):
    # host = request.META.get('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', )
    host_port = request.META.get('HTTP_HOST', '127.0.0.1:8000')
    url_scheme = request.META.get('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'http')
    return url_scheme, host_port

def image(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    file = request.FILES.get('file', None)
    if not file:
        return Response('', status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
    base_path, full_path = gen_image_filename(file.name)  # 
    with open(full_path, 'wb+') as destination:
        for chunk in file.chunks():
            destination.write(chunk)
    url_scheme, host_port = get_host_port(request)
    url_path = f'{url_scheme}://{host_port}/{base_path}'
    return Response({'base_path': base_path, 'url_path': url_path}, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)

6.上传csv文件时编码问题

import io
import pandas as pd
from django.core.files.uploadedfile import TemporaryUploadedFile, InMemoryUploadedFile

isinstance(file, [TemporaryUploadedFile, InMemoryUploadedFile]) == True
file_encoding = 'utf-8'
df = pd.read_csv(io.StringIO(file.read().decode(file_encoding)))