Spring Boot：（十一）Rest映射 & 请求映射原理

3 请求参数处理

3.1 请求映射

• @xxxMapping
• Rest风格支持（使用HTTP请求方式动词来表示对资源的操作
  • 以前：/getUser获取用户、/deleteUser删除用户、/editUser修改用户
  • 现在：/user GET-获取用户、DELETE-删除用户、PUT-修改用户、POST-保存用户
  • 核心Filter；HiddenHttpMethodFilter
    • 用法：表单method=post，隐藏域_method=put

package com.study.boot05web01.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getUser(){
        return "GET-张三";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String saveUser(){
        return "POST-张三";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String putUser(){
        return "PUT-张三";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String deleteUser(){
        return "DELETE-张三";
    }
}

3.2 请求映射原理

所有请求都会经过DispatcherServlet：

SpringMVC功能分析都从org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet的doDispatch方法开始

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
    HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
    HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
    boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
    WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

    try {
        ModelAndView mv = null;
        Object dispatchException = null;

        try {
            processedRequest = this.checkMultipart(request);
            multipartRequestParsed = processedRequest != request;
            //找到哪个handler进行处理
            mappedHandler = this.getHandler(processedRequest);

			//handlerMappings：处理器映射。 /xxx ->>> xxxxx
		}
	}
}

@Nullable
protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
    if (this.handlerMappings != null) {
        Iterator var2 = this.handlerMappings.iterator();

        while(var2.hasNext()) {
            HandlerMapping mapping = (HandlerMapping)var2.next();
            HandlerExecutionChain handler = mapping.getHandler(request);
            if (handler != null) {
                return handler;
            }
        }
    }

    return null;
}

RequestMappingHandlerMapping：保存了所有@RequestMapping和handler的映射规则。

所有的请求映射都在HandlerMapping中

• Springboot自动配置欢迎页的HandlerMapping。访问/能访问到index.html
• 请求进来，挨个尝试所有的HandlerMapping看是否有请求信息
  • 如果有就找到这个请求对应的handler
  • 如果没有就是下一个HandlerMapping
• 我们需要一些自定义的映射原理，我们也可以自己给容器中放HandlerMapping