观察者模式

观察者模式

定义了对象之间的一对多依赖，让多个观察者对象同时监听某一个主题对象，当主题对象发生变化时，它的所有依赖者都会收到通知并更新

优点：可以在运行时建立对象之间的关系

代码参考Spring Boot源码 AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster类、ApplicationListener类

 //事件发布者
public class EventMulticaster {
    private final ListenerRetriever listenerRetriever = new ListenerRetriever();
    //增加制定类型的监听者
    public void addEatListener(EatListener<Event> eatListener) {
        this.listenerRetriever.eatListeners.add(eatListener);
    }
    public void addPlayListener(PlayListener<Event> playListener) {
        this.listenerRetriever.playListeners.add(playListener);
    }    
    //删除监听者
    public void removeListener(Object object) {
        if (object instanceof EatListener) {
            this.listenerRetriever.eatListeners.remove(object);
        }
        if (object instanceof PlayListener) {
            this.listenerRetriever.playListeners.remove(object);
        }
    }    
    //发布事件
    public void eatEventMulticast(Event e) {
        for (Listener listener : this.listenerRetriever.getAllListener()) {
            listener.init();
        }
        for (EatListener<?> eatListener : this.listenerRetriever.eatListeners) {
            eatListener.eat(e);
        }
    }
    public void palyEventMulticast(Event e) {
        for (PlayListener<?> playListener : this.listenerRetriever.playListeners) {
            playListener.play(e);
        }
    }
    //聚合
    private static class ListenerRetriever {
        private final Set<EatListener<?>> eatListeners = Sets.newLinkedHashSet();
        private final Set<PlayListener<?>> playListeners = Sets.newLinkedHashSet();
        public Set<Listener> getAllListener() {
            Set<Listener> listeners = Sets.newLinkedHashSet();
            listeners.addAll(eatListeners);
            listeners.addAll(playListeners);
            return listeners;
        }
    }
}
//监听者(观察者)
interface Listener {
    void init();
}
interface EatListener<E extends Event> extends Listener {
    void eat(Event event);
}
interface PlayListener<E extends Event> extends Listener {
    void play(Event event);
    void go();
}
class EatFoodListener implements EatListener {
    @Override
    public void eat(Event event) {
        if (event instanceof EatEvent) {
            System.out.println("eat food listenner ...");
            System.out.println("eat food" + ((EatEvent) event).getEatName());
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("EatFoodListener init");
    }
}
class PlatGameListener implements PlayListener {
    @Override
    public void play(Event event) {
        if (event instanceof PlayEvent) {
            System.out.println("play game" + ((PlayEvent) event).getGameName());
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void go() {
        System.out.println("go go go");
    }
    @Override
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("PlatGameListener init");
    }
}
//事件
interface Event {
}
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
class EatEvent implements Event {
    private String eatName;
    private String eatType;
}
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
class PlayEvent implements Event {
    private String gameName;
}
//测试方法
public class ObseverTestMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventMulticaster eventMulticaster = new EventMulticaster();
        EatFoodListener eatFoodListener = new EatFoodListener();
        eventMulticaster.addEatListener(eatFoodListener);
        PlayListener playListener = new PlatGameListener();
        eventMulticaster.addPlayListener(playListener);
        eventMulticaster.eatEventMulticast(new EatEvent("面包", "A"));
    }
}
//测试结果
EatFoodListener init
PlatGameListener init
eat food listenner ...
eat food面包