(读书笔记)中级语法-名词从句

目录

简单句与名词从句

简单句与主语从句

简单句与宾语从句

简单句与表语从句

简单句与同位语从句

简单句与名词从句

什么是名词从句

名词或者名词短语主要充当四种句子成分：主语，宾语，表语，同位语

陈述句作句子成分

一、要在陈述句句首加上that

That English is important is an undoubted fact.

I've learned that love, not time heals all words.

My idea is that the child should be sent to school.

The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.

在英语中，句在的核心意思主要是考谓语部分表达的，所以一个句子只表达一个核心意思，也就是只能有一个谓语。

这个that是一个指路牌。表示that后面紧接着的句子是要作为另一个句子的某一个成分来使用的。

宾语从句中that可以省略，这是因为对于宾语从句，主句的谓语已经出现，谓语后面所接的成分自然是宾语。

一般疑问句作句子成分

用whether或 if 引导

把一般疑问句当主名词来使用，需要先将疑问句的到装语序变成陈述句语序，并在句首加上whether 和 if 来引导，以保留原句的疑问意义。

用whether 还是 if

1. if 一般只用于引导宾语从句

Whether he comes or not makes no difference.  主语从句

The question is whether he will come. 表语从句

2. if 不和 or not 直接连用，一般说if ... or not

I don't know whether or not he comes.

特殊疑问句作句子成分

需要先将疑问句的到装语序变成陈述句语序

Why dinosaurs became extinct is still a mystery.

I don't know how many letters there are in the alphabet.

Money is what we are badly in need of.

There arose the question where we could get the loan.

特殊疑问词作特殊疑问句主语时，无需调整语序

Who will chair the meeting has not yet been decide.

简单句与主语从句

陈述句作主语

That the moon itself dose not give off light is common knowledge.

但是更常见的是用it作形式主语置于句首，而将主语从句放在句末

It's common knowledge that the moon itself dose not give off light.

常见主语从句

It is + 过去分词 + that从句

It's reported that

It's believed that

It's generally thought that

It should be noted that

It must be pointed out that

It has been found that

It is + 形容词 + that从句

It is clear that

It is possible that

It is likely that

It is natural that

It is certain that

It is stange that

It is fortunate that

It is + 名词短语（adj / a + n） + that从句

It is a pity that

It is a fact that

一般疑问句作主语

把一般疑问句变成陈述句，并且用whether来引导

Whether he comes or not makes no difference to me.

特殊疑问句作主语

What he told you is true.

When the meeting is to be hold has not yet been decided.

简单句与宾语从句

陈述句作宾语

把 that + 陈述句 这一结构放在宾语的位置即构成宾语从句

We know that the eartth is round.

一般疑问句作宾语

I don't know if / whether he needs my help.

No one knew whether or not interest would rise.

只有宾语从句才可以用 if 引导。

特殊疑问句作宾语

I have not decided whom I should vote for.

No one knows exactly how speech began.

简单句与表语从句

陈述句作表语

My idea is that the child should be sent to school.

一般疑问句作表语

My concern is that he comes or not.

特殊疑问句作表语

Change is what keeps us fresh and innovative. Change is what keeps us from getting stale. Change is what keeps us young.

This is where our basic interest lies.

简单句与同位语从句

陈述句作同位语

The fact that he succeeded in the experiement pleased everybody.

A saying goes that practice makes perfect.

一般疑问句作同位语

They are faced with the problem whether they should continue to work.

特殊疑问句作同位语

There arose the question where we could get the loan.

同位语从句主要由that引导。