名词从句
(一)典型的名词从句
这种名词从句通常用that来引导,所放的位置有(主词,受词,辅语,等)
例如:
That he didn‘t show up on time is strange
以上情况头重脚轻。把从句放在后面,前面用it来引导
it is strange that he didn’t show up on time
当从句是在受词位置时(接在动词后面,如果是及物动词的话,that 可以省略)
The defendant said that he didn‘t do it(这种情况可以省略that)
That he didn‘t show up on time is strange(这种情况下,很明显就不能省略了)
当名词从句出现在辅语位置时,通常与主词是对等的
如:The important things is that we’re all right(The important things==we’re all right)
当名词从句作为同位语时(所谓同位语,是指对另一个名词的解释)
例如:
I am afraid that i can‘t help you
将这一句还原是:
i am afraid of that thing that i can‘t help you
但是由于以下原因
1 that thing 没有意义
2 that thing 与 that i can‘t help you重复(后者是前者的同位语)
3of that thing 是可有可无的介词片语。
将of that thing 省略。于是有
I am afraid that i can‘t help you
(二)疑问句改装成名词子句
疑问句通常用疑问词(who what when 等)引导,并且把疑问的形式改成非疑问的形式
例如:
I know who u are
when the bomb will go off is anybody’s guess
(三)whether and if
表示是否。
例如
I can‘t tell whether he’s telling the truth or not
一般情况下,whether 和if 可以替换着使用但是当出现在句首或者介词后面(介词后面只能接名词或者名词片语)时,只能用whether(whether 是which either 的缩写,which可以指代名词)
例如
whether the stock will improve or not is impossible to say now
The treatment will be decided by whther the tumor is malignant or not