SQLZOO答案：9 Self join

其实CSDN关于这篇文章的博客已经有很多了，但是我没有找到一篇关于第三题的答案事正确的，所以就再写了这篇

1. How many stops are in the database.

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM stops

2. Find the id value for the stop ‘Craiglockhart’

SELECT  id FROM stops WHERE name='Craiglockhart';

3. Give the id and the name for the stops on the ‘4’ ‘LRT’ service. 这道题的答案很特殊，之前的sql本来也没问题，而且结果和答案的唯一区别就是结果数据的顺序。一直找不到原因，直到我把两张表的别名去掉之后才正确(很奇怪)。

SELECT id, name 
FROM stops JOIN route
ON id=stop
WHERE num='4' AND company='LRT'

4. The query shown gives the number of routes that visit either London Road (149) or Craiglockhart (53). Run the query and notice the two services that link these stops have a count of 2. Add a HAVING clause to restrict the output to these two routes.

SELECT company, num, COUNT(*)
FROM route WHERE stop=149 OR stop=53
GROUP BY company, num
HAVING COUNT(*)=2

5. Execute the self join shown and observe that b.stop gives all the places you can get to from Craiglockhart, without changing routes. Change the query so that it shows the services from Craiglockhart to London Road.

SELECT a.company, a.num, a.stop, b.stop
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
WHERE a.stop=53 AND b.stop=149

6. The query shown is similar to the previous one, however by joining two copies of the stops table we can refer to stops by name rather than by number. Change the query so that the services between ‘Craiglockhart’ and ‘London Road’ are shown. If you are tired of these places try ‘Fairmilehead’ against ‘Tollcross’

SELECT a.company, a.num, stopa.name, stopb.name
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
  JOIN stops stopa ON (a.stop=stopa.id)
  JOIN stops stopb ON (b.stop=stopb.id)
WHERE stopa.name='Craiglockhart'
AND stopb.name='London Road'

SELECT a.company, a.num, stopa.name, stopb.name
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
  JOIN stops stopa ON (a.stop=stopa.id)
  JOIN stops stopb ON (b.stop=stopb.id)
WHERE stopa.name='Fairmilehead'
AND stopb.name='Tollcross'

7. Give a list of all the services which connect stops 115 and 137 (‘Haymarket’ and ‘Leith’)

SELECT DISTINCT(a.company), a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
WHERE a.stop=115 AND b.stop=137 

8. Give a list of the services which connect the stops ‘Craiglockhart’ and ‘Tollcross’

SELECT DISTINCT(a.company), a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
  JOIN stops stopa ON (a.stop=stopa.id)
  JOIN stops stopb ON (b.stop=stopb.id)
WHERE stopa.name='Craiglockhart'
AND stopb.name='Tollcross'

9. Give a distinct list of the stops which may be reached from ‘Craiglockhart’ by taking one bus, including ‘Craiglockhart’ itself, offered by the LRT company. Include the company and bus no. of the relevant services.

SELECT DISTINCT(stopb.name),a.company, a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
  JOIN stops stopa ON (a.stop=stopa.id)
  JOIN stops stopb ON (b.stop=stopb.id)
WHERE stopa.name='Craiglockhart'
AND a.company='LRT'

10.Find the routes involving two buses that can go from Craiglockhart to Lochend.
Show the bus no. and company for the first bus, the name of the stop for the transfer,
and the bus no. and company for the second bus.
这个是参考的高手的答案，但是无论如何结果都不对原文地址

SELECT DISTINCT bus1.num, bus1.company, name, bus2.num, bus2.company FROM (
SELECT start1.num, start1.company, stop1.stop FROM route AS start1 JOIN route AS stop1
ON start1.num = stop1.num
AND start1.company = stop1.company AND start1.stop != stop1.stop WHERE start1.stop =
(SELECT id FROM stops WHERE name = 'Craiglockhart')) AS bus1 JOIN (SELECT start2.num, start2.company, start2.stop FROM route AS start2 JOIN route AS stop2 ON start2.num = stop2.num AND start2.company = stop2.company AND start2.stop != stop2.stop WHERE stop2.stop = (SELECT id FROM stops WHERE name = 'Sighthill')) AS bus2 ON bus1.stop = bus2.stop JOIN stops ON bus1.stop = stops.id

后来就自己验证了一下，结果是没有问题的，可能是数据库改了但是答案没有改

SELECT DISTINCT
	bus1.num,
	bus1.company,
	bus1.start1,
	name,
	bus2.num,
	bus2.company, 
	bus2.stop2 
FROM
	(
	SELECT
		a.num,
		a.company,
		a.top start1,
		b.stop stop1
	FROM
		route a
		JOIN route b ON a.num = b.num 
		AND a.company = b.company 
		AND a.stop != b.stop 
	WHERE
	a.stop=( SELECT id FROM stops WHERE name = 'Craiglockhart' )) bus1
	JOIN (
	SELECT
		c.num,
		c.company,
		c.stop start2,
		d.stop stop2
	FROM
		route c
		JOIN route d ON c.num = d.num 
		AND c.company = d.company 
		AND c.stop != d.stop 
	WHERE
	d.stop = ( SELECT id FROM stops WHERE name = 'Sighthill' )) bus2 ON bus1.stop1 = bus2.
	start2 JOIN stops ON bus1.stop1 = stops.id;

至于第十题，如果有最近练习过的同学，还请不吝指教