字典就是键值对的集合
1.基本操作
输入
student = {} #创建空字典
student['name']='zc' #添加元素
student['age'] ='16'
print(student)
del student['age'] #删除元素
print(student['name']) #输出元素
输出
{'name': 'zc', 'age': '16'}
{'name': 'zc'}
zc
2.遍历
for key,value in student.items(): #for循环遍历,items方法返回键值对
print("\nKey:" + key)
print("Value:" + value) #遍历结果的顺序不一定和字典顺序一致,python只关心键值的联系
for key in sorted(student.keys()): #使用keys方法遍历键,同时返回包含所有键的列表.sorted方法进行排序
print(key) #遍历字典默认遍历键,所以不加keys方法也行
for value in student.values(): #使用values方法遍历所有值,但不过滤重复值
print(value)
for value in set(student.values()):#使用set集合过滤重复值
print(value)
3.嵌套
student1 = {'name':'zc','age':'16','num':'007'} #创建字典
student2 = {'name':'za','age':'16','num':'008'}
student3 = {'name':'zb','age':'17','num':'009'}
students = [student1,student2,student3] #创建列表
for student in students:
print(student)
dinner = { #创建字典
'eat':'meet',
'drink':['water','wine','cola'], #创建列表
}
for drink in dinner['drink']:
print(dinner['eat']+'+'+drink)
user = {
'001':{
'sex':'man',
'age':'16',
'loc':'shanghai'
},
'002':{
'sex':'man',
'age':'18',
'loc':'shanghai'
},
'003':{
'sex':'woman',
'age':'16',
'loc':'zhejiang'
},
}
for username,user_info in user.items():
full_name = user_info['sex']+'+'+user_info['age']
location = user_info['loc']
print("\nnsername:"+username)
print("\tfullname:" + full_name)
print("\tloction:" + location)
输出
nsername:001
fullname:man+16
loction:shanghai
nsername:002
fullname:man+18
loction:shanghai
nsername:003
fullname:woman+16
loction:zhejiang