简介
如今base64编解码协议应用非常广泛，很多网络传输的图片和文件都使用base64编码后进行传输，对端收到后进行解码，至于base64的编解码原理就不在这里班门弄斧了，本文主要阐述一下base64编解码在window是C++和安卓java中的具体代码实现
安卓 java
base64编解码 字符串
安卓新sdk已经集成了base64编解码功能只需要在java中导入base64包
import java.util.Base64;
之后在类中定义两个编解码函数
public final Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
public final Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
之后就可以在类中使用这两个函数对数据进行处理了
例：
String date = new String(decoder.decode(scan_date), "UTF-8");
但是针对于API26一下没有集成的版本需要自己写个base64类
新建一个base64类文件
Base64Utils.java
package com.kedacom.truetouch.settings;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
/*
* base64编解码类
* @author:lyq
* @date 2020-11-12
* */
public class Base64Utils {
private static char[] base64EncodeChars = new char[]
{ 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T',
'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5',
'6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/' };
private static byte[] base64DecodeChars = new byte[]
{ -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53,
54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29,
30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1 };
/**
* 加密
*
* @param data
* @return
*/
public static String encode(byte[] data) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
int len = data.length;
int i = 0;
int b1, b2, b3;
while (i < len) {
b1 = data[i++] & 0xff;
if (i == len){
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[(b1 & 0x3) << 4]);
sb.append("==");
break;
}
b2 = data[i++] & 0xff;
if (i == len) {
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b1 & 0x03) << 4) | ((b2 & 0xf0) >>> 4)]);
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[(b2 & 0x0f) << 2]);
sb.append("=");
break;
}
b3 = data[i++] & 0xff;
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b1 & 0x03) << 4) | ((b2 & 0xf0) >>> 4)]);
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b2 & 0x0f) << 2) | ((b3 & 0xc0) >>> 6)]);
sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b3 & 0x3f]);
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 解密
*
* @param str
* @return
*/
public static byte[] decode(String str) {
try{
return decodePrivate(str);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return new byte[]
{};
}
private static byte[] decodePrivate(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
byte[] data = null;
data = str.getBytes("US-ASCII");
int len = data.length;
int i = 0;
int b1, b2, b3, b4;
while (i < len){
do {
b1 = base64DecodeChars[data[i++]];
} while (i < len && b1 == -1);
if (b1 == -1)
break;
do {
b2 = base64DecodeChars[data[i++]];
} while (i < len && b2 == -1);
if (b2 == -1)
break;
sb.append((char) ((b1 << 2) | ((b2 & 0x30) >>> 4)));
do{
b3 = data[i++];
if (b3 == 61)
return sb.toString().getBytes("iso8859-1");
b3 = base64DecodeChars[b3];
} while (i < len && b3 == -1);
if (b3 == -1)
break;
sb.append((char) (((b2 & 0x0f) << 4) | ((b3 & 0x3c) >>> 2)));
do {
b4 = data[i++];
if (b4 == 61)
return sb.toString().getBytes("iso8859-1");
b4 = base64DecodeChars[b4];
} while (i < len && b4 == -1);
if (b4 == -1)
break;
sb.append((char) (((b3 & 0x03) << 6) | b4));
}
return sb.toString().getBytes("iso8859-1");
}
}
之后在自己需要调用的类就可以使用了
例：
scanDataBase64Decode = new String(Base64Utils.decode(SettingScanUI.scan_data),"UTF-8"); //base64解码
windows C++
图片base64编解码
分为两个部分，一是对图片进行读写操作，二是经过base64编解码
一共是四个函数
//Data:需要编码的字符串
//DataByte:字符串大小
string Encode(const char* Data, int DataByte)
{
//编码表
const char EncodeTable[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
//返回值
string strEncode;
unsigned char Tmp[4] = { 0 };
int LineLength = 0;
for (int i = 0; i<(int)(DataByte / 3); i++)
{
Tmp[1] = *Data++;
Tmp[2] = *Data++;
Tmp[3] = *Data++;
strEncode += EncodeTable[Tmp[1] >> 2];
strEncode += EncodeTable[((Tmp[1] << 4) | (Tmp[2] >> 4)) & 0x3F];
strEncode += EncodeTable[((Tmp[2] << 2) | (Tmp[3] >> 6)) & 0x3F];
strEncode += EncodeTable[Tmp[3] & 0x3F];
if (LineLength += 4, LineLength == 76) { strEncode += "\r\n"; LineLength = 0; }
}
//对剩余数据进行编码
int Mod = DataByte % 3;
if (Mod == 1)
{
Tmp[1] = *Data++;
strEncode += EncodeTable[(Tmp[1] & 0xFC) >> 2];
strEncode += EncodeTable[((Tmp[1] & 0x03) << 4)];
strEncode += "==";
}
else if (Mod == 2)
{
Tmp[1] = *Data++;
Tmp[2] = *Data++;
strEncode += EncodeTable[(Tmp[1] & 0xFC) >> 2];
strEncode += EncodeTable[((Tmp[1] & 0x03) << 4) | ((Tmp[2] & 0xF0) >> 4)];
strEncode += EncodeTable[((Tmp[2] & 0x0F) << 2)];
strEncode += "=";
}
return strEncode;
}
//参数：文件名称
// 文件读出数据保存字符串（传引用）
bool ReadPhotoFile(std::basic_string<TCHAR> strFileName,std::string &strData)
{
HANDLE hFile;
hFile = CreateFile(strFileName.c_str(), GENERIC_READ, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
return false;
}
DWORD dFileSize = GetFileSize(hFile, NULL);
char * pBuffer = new char[dFileSize + 1];
if(pBuffer == NULL)
return false;
memset(pBuffer, 0, dFileSize);
DWORD dReadSize(0);
if (!ReadFile(hFile, pBuffer, dFileSize, &dReadSize, NULL))
{
delete[]pBuffer;
CloseHandle(hFile);
return false;
}
// CBase64 base64;
strData = "";
strData = Encode((const char*)pBuffer, dReadSize);
delete[]pBuffer;
CloseHandle(hFile);
return true;
}
//解码
string Decode(const char* Data, int DataByte, int& OutByte)
{
//解码表
const char DecodeTable[] =
{
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
62, // '+'
0, 0, 0,
63, // '/'
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, // '0'-'9'
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,
13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, // 'A'-'Z'
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38,
39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, // 'a'-'z'
};
//返回值
string strDecode;
int nValue;
int i = 0;
while (i < DataByte)
{
if (*Data != '\r' && *Data != '\n')
{
nValue = DecodeTable[*Data++] << 18;
nValue += DecodeTable[*Data++] << 12;
strDecode += (nValue & 0x00FF0000) >> 16;
OutByte++;
if (*Data != '=')
{
nValue += DecodeTable[*Data++] << 6;
strDecode += (nValue & 0x0000FF00) >> 8;
OutByte++;
if (*Data != '=')
{
nValue += DecodeTable[*Data++];
strDecode += nValue & 0x000000FF;
OutByte++;
}
}
i += 4;
}
else// 回车换行,跳过
{
Data++;
i++;
}
}
return strDecode;
}
//写入文件
bool WritePhotoFile(std::basic_string<TCHAR> strFileName, std::string &strData)
{
HANDLE hFile;
hFile = CreateFile(strFileName.c_str(), GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
return false;
}
// CBase64 base64;
int datalen(0);
DWORD dwritelen(0);
std::string strdcode = Decode(strData.data(),strData.size(), datalen);
if (!WriteFile(hFile, strdcode.data(), datalen, &dwritelen, NULL))
{
CloseHandle(hFile);
return false;
}
CloseHandle(hFile);
return true;
}
注意
有时进行文件传输，服务端返回的文件编码后的base64数据加了个引号，这是可能需要我们从第二个字符开始解码
//base64解码函数，返回解码后数据地址
//因平台返回的数据字符串带有了双引号，所以解码从第二个字符开始
const char * base64char = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
u8 *base64_decode( const char * base64, long &stroutlen )
{
int i, j;
unsigned char k;
unsigned char temp[4];
long len;
long str_len;
unsigned char * bindata;
//计算解码后的字符串长度
len=strlen(base64);
//判断编码后的字符串后是否有=
if(strstr(base64,"=="))
str_len=len/4*3-2;
else if(strstr(base64,"="))
str_len=len/4*3-1;
else
str_len=len/4*3;
bindata = (u8*)malloc(sizeof(unsigned char)*str_len+1);
bindata[str_len]='\0';
for ( i = 1, j = 0; i < len - 4 ; i += 4 )
{
memset( temp, 0xFF, sizeof(temp) );
for ( k = 0 ; k < 64 ; k ++ )
{
if ( base64char[k] == *(base64 + i) )
temp[0]= k;
}
for ( k = 0 ; k < 64 ; k ++ )
{
if ( base64char[k] == *(base64 + i +1) )
temp[1]= k;
}
for ( k = 0 ; k < 64 ; k ++ )
{
if ( base64char[k] == *(base64 + i +2) )
temp[2]= k;
}
for ( k = 0 ; k < 64 ; k ++ )
{
if ( base64char[k] == *(base64 + i +3) )
temp[3]= k;
}
bindata[j++] = ((unsigned char)(((unsigned char)(temp[0] << 2))&0xFC)) |
((unsigned char)((unsigned char)(temp[1]>>4)&0x03));
if ( base64[i+2] == '=' )
break;
bindata[j++] = ((unsigned char)(((unsigned char)(temp[1] << 4))&0xF0)) |
((unsigned char)((unsigned char)(temp[2]>>2)&0x0F));
if ( base64[i+3] == '=' )
break;
bindata[j++] = ((unsigned char)(((unsigned char)(temp[2] << 6))&0xF0)) |
((unsigned char)(temp[3]&0x3F));
}
stroutlen = str_len;
return bindata;
}
注：函数内使用了malloc函数申请堆内存，调用后需要使用free进行释放
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